Monolithic supports based on biomorphic SiC for the catalytic combustion of hydrogen

Arzac, G.M.; Ramírez‐Rico, J.; Gutiérrez‐Pardo, A.; Haro, M.C. Jiménez de; Hufschmidt, Dirk; Martı́nez-Fernández, J.; Fernández, A.

doi:10.1039/c6ra09127j

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…were calculated (Table 3). The dealloyed Low Pt-Cu_He sample has the lowest AAE of the three (1kJ.mol -1 ), followed by the (as supporting information) show a certain activation upon cycling, demonstrating that the catalyst is durable, as expected for a Pt catalyst under oxidizing conditions [6][7][8].…”

Section: Dealloyed Samplesmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Due to its relative simplicity it can be considered as model catalytic oxidation reaction in the gas phase, and has applications in heaters for domestic or industrial use (for example, cooking, heating spaces, floors and walls, drying and other heating industrial processes) or in safety devices [1][2][3][4][5]. H2 (g) + ½ O2 (g) → H2O (g) (1) Regarding safety applications, the CHC can be employed as a controllable means to eliminate the undesired amounts of hydrogen in installations such as in the nuclear industry or fuel cell-based power generation devices [3][4][5][6][7][8]. The elimination of residual hydrogen from the exhaust gases from fuel cells requires the use of catalysts that are active at room temperature (RT).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nanoporous Pt-based catalysts prepared by chemical dealloying of magnetron-sputtered Pt-Cu thin films for the catalytic combustion of hydrogen

Giarratano

Arzac

Godinho

et al. 2018

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental

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In this work, we prepared SiC-supported Pt-Cu thin films by magnetron sputtering for use as catalysts for the combustion of hydrogen under oxidizing conditions. We tested the catalysts as prepared and after chemical dealloying. A methodology is presented to fabricate catalytic thin films of a desired composition with tailored magnetron targets with lower Pt consumption. The deposition gas was changed to prepare columnar (Ardeposited) and closed-porous (He-deposited) films to study the effect of the microstructure on the activity. The effect of composition was also studied for the columnar samples. The as-prepared Pt-Cu thin films showed significant activity only at temperatures higher than 100°C. Dealloying permitted an increase in the activity to achieve near room-temperature activity. The dealloyed closed-porous He-deposited sample was the most active, being able to convert as much as 13.15 LH2•min -1 •gPt -1 at 70°C (Ea=1kJ.mol -1 ). This sample was preferentially dealloyed on the surface, yielding Código de campo cambiado Código de campo cambiado Código de campo cambiadoan almost pure Pt shell (96% at. Pt) and a Cu-depleted interior (71% at. Pt). This compositional inhomogeneity enabled the sample to achieve enhanced activity compared to the Ar-deposited columnar sample (with similar initial composition, but uniformly dealloyed), probably due to the compressive surface lattice strain. The dealloyed closedporous He-deposited sample was shown to be durable over five cycles.

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Section: Dealloyed Samplesmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanoporous Pt-based catalysts prepared by chemical dealloying of magnetron-sputtered Pt-Cu thin films for the catalytic combustion of hydrogen

Giarratano

Arzac

Godinho

et al. 2018

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental

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“…Catalytic combustion of H 2 is used for heat production but it can also be utilized when unwanted H 2 needs to be removed, especially in closed spaces with limited ventilation. The properties of H 2 , such as its low density, wide flammability range, and low ignition energy, increases the probability of a fire hazard in any situation where H 2 is present .…”

Section: Passive Autocatalytic Recombinersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Any situation were H 2 can be accidently released and accumulate, to possibly explode, needs these countermeasures for safe operation . The amounts of H 2 that need to be eliminated can vary, from large amounts generated in nuclear accidents, for example, to exhaust gases from fuel cells …”

Section: Passive Autocatalytic Recombinersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reviewing H₂ Combustion: A Case Study for Non-Fuel-Cell Power Systems and Safety in Passive Autocatalytic Recombiners

2018

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This Review looks at past and current research and development (R&D) on H2 combustion in terms of power generation in gas turbines and safety in passive autocatalytic recombiners (PARs). The drive toward reducing greenhouse gas emissions has forced researchers to look at carbon-free alternatives for power generation. Fortunately, H2 is one such fuel source and has been proposed as a fuel in gas turbines for large-scale power production. The effects of H2 on the heating values, flame speed, burning velocity, flammability range, flashback, blow-off, ignition delay, and emissions have been reported, and the trends and gaps in R&D identified. Properties such as flame speed, burning velocities, and flammability limits at typical gas turbine conditions (high pressures, high temperatures, lean equivalence ratios, and turbulent conditions) still need to be determined experimentally for H2 fuel mixtures, especially for mixtures with higher H2 concentrations and fuel mixtures with other fuels (such as biogas) as an evolutionary step toward adapting to a hydrogen economy. Much work has been done on pre-mixed dry low emissions and diffusion combustion with dilution as means of accommodating high hydrogen content (HHC) fuels. Staged combustion, vortex-stabilized combustion, multiple injection combustion, and catalytic combustion have been proposed for HHC fuels, yet still further R&D is required. Finally, oxy-fuel combustion provides a promising technology for HHC fuels, and researchers should focus on its testing and development. Although H2 is a good alternative to carbon-based fuel, its unique properties increase the probability of a fire hazard. Toward developing a hydrogen economy, we also need to ensure the safety of H2. Unfortunately, in unique scenarios, for instance in closed areas, venting and detection measures are no long adequate, nor possible, to ensure safety. Other intervention methods are required. H2 combustion in PARs is well known in the nuclear industry, but PARs can also be used for flammable gas control in other applications. The current status quo of PARs is discussed. Understanding and developing robust PARs for nuclear applications as well as alternative applications is vital for establishing a hydrogen economy. Gas turbine technologies that are H2 compatible have attracted much attention worldwide, within both academia and industry, especially in the U.S., Europe, and some Asian countries. Presently, the key role-players in this field are the U.S. Department of Energy, Hitachi, Kawasaki, Siemens, and General Electric. Some of the initiatives toward developing H2 gas turbines are discussed, with the strongest being the potential use in clean integrated coal gasification combined cycle applications.

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“…For instance, it has been found that the high surface area and elongated nature of the porosity makes bioSiCp an interesting catalyst carrier, especially for high temperature reactions such as partial oxidation of methane to syngas [106], cellulose conversion to hydrogen [107] using Ni particles, or catalytic combustion of hydrogen [108] but also combined with zeolites to form structured monoliths for sorption and catalysis [109,110].…”

Section: Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomorphic ceramics from wood-derived precursors

Ramírez‐Rico

Martı́nez-Fernández

Singh

2017

International Materials Reviews

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He has published over 160 papers in peer-reviewed journals and has been the PI of over 20 nationally and internationally funded research grants. His research interests include the study of biomorphic silicon carbide, single crystal and polycrystalline zirconia and alumina, alumina-based composites, silicon nitride, electronic ceramics, ceramic joining, and single crystals fibers.Mrityunjay Singh is Chief Scientist, Ohio Aerospace Institute, NASA Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio. He has edited/co-edited thirty eight books and five journal volumes, authored/co-authored ten book chapters/invited reviews and more than two hundred fifty papers in journals and edited volumes. He is involved with various activities in processing, manufacturing, joining and attachment technologies, and characterization of advanced ceramics and composites, lightweight cellular ceramics, environment conscious ceramics, and porous ceramic foams, high conductivity composites and graphite foams for thermal management systems, ceramic matrix composites for turbomachinery and propulsion systems, and a wide variety of materials for ultra high temperature and extreme environment applications.* Corresponding author -Email: jrr@us.es, Tel: +34 954 550 936 Biomorphic Ceramics from Wood Derived PrecursorsMaterials development is driven by microstructural complexity, in many cases inspired by biological systems like bones, shells, and wood. In one approach, one selects the main microstructural features responsible for improved properties a designs processes to obtain materials with such microstructures (continuous-fiber-reinforced ceramics, porous ceramics, fibrous ceramic monoliths, etc.). In a different approach, it is possible to use natural materials directly as microstructural templates. Biomorphic ceramics are produced from natural and renewable resources (wood or wood-derived products). A wide variety of SiC based ceramics can be fabricated by infiltration of silicon or silicon alloys into cellulose-derived carbonaceous templates, providing a low-cost route to advanced ceramic materials with near-net shape potential and amenable to rapid prototyping. These materials have tailorable microstructure and properties, and behave like ceramic materials manufactured by advanced ceramic processing approaches. This review aims to be a comprehensive description of the development of bioSiC ceramics:from wood templates and their microstructure to potential applications of bioSiC materials.

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Monolithic supports based on biomorphic SiC for the catalytic combustion of hydrogen

Abstract: Application of biomorphic porous SiC monoliths as Pt catalysts supports for the catalytic combustion of hydrogen. Anisotropic thermal behaviour is highlighted.

Cited by 10 publications

References 36 publications

Nanoporous Pt-based catalysts prepared by chemical dealloying of magnetron-sputtered Pt-Cu thin films for the catalytic combustion of hydrogen

Nanoporous Pt-based catalysts prepared by chemical dealloying of magnetron-sputtered Pt-Cu thin films for the catalytic combustion of hydrogen

Reviewing H₂ Combustion: A Case Study for Non-Fuel-Cell Power Systems and Safety in Passive Autocatalytic Recombiners

Biomorphic ceramics from wood-derived precursors

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Monolithic supports based on biomorphic SiC for the catalytic combustion of hydrogen

Abstract: Application of biomorphic porous SiC monoliths as Pt catalysts supports for the catalytic combustion of hydrogen. Anisotropic thermal behaviour is highlighted.

Cited by 10 publications

References 36 publications

Nanoporous Pt-based catalysts prepared by chemical dealloying of magnetron-sputtered Pt-Cu thin films for the catalytic combustion of hydrogen

Nanoporous Pt-based catalysts prepared by chemical dealloying of magnetron-sputtered Pt-Cu thin films for the catalytic combustion of hydrogen

Reviewing H2 Combustion: A Case Study for Non-Fuel-Cell Power Systems and Safety in Passive Autocatalytic Recombiners

Biomorphic ceramics from wood-derived precursors

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Reviewing H₂ Combustion: A Case Study for Non-Fuel-Cell Power Systems and Safety in Passive Autocatalytic Recombiners