Monolithic copper oxide aerogel via dispersed inorganic sol–gel method

Du, Ai; Zhou, Bin; Shen, Jun; Xiao, Shengnan; Zhang, Zhihua; Liu, Chunze; Zhang, Mingxia

doi:10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2008.11.015

Cited by 53 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…During the transformation, the primary particles of the gel do not agglomerate to form a precipitate, so that the framework phase and solvent phase form a "block" and remain to obtain monolithic material. This method by using inorganic salts as precursors has been carried out and confirmed in the preparation of transition metal oxide 8,[14][15][16][17][18][19] , metal oxide 10,20,21 and rare earth metal oxide [22][23][24] monolithic materials.…”

mentioning

confidence: 79%

“…), alkoxides can be selected as precursors. High-valence inorganic salt elements exist in the form of hydrated ions in aqueous solution, which exhibits strong acidity and can undergo a multi-stage hydrolysis reaction process and sol-gel conversion 29,32 .The high valence state of those alkoxides results in a high degree of freedom and easy formation of particles, and the particles further interconnect to form three-dimensional frameworks.The alkoxide precursors corresponding to the low valent elements (Mn 2+ , Fe 2+ , Co 2+ , Ni 2+ , Zn 2+ ) are more active, sensitive to humidity and are difficult to effectively control hydrolysis and polycondensation.Because of their low valence state, the hydrolysis activity is weak and the degree of freedom is small 16,33 , and it is difficult to form a three-dimensional framework of particles to realize sol-gel transition.…”

Section: Preparation Of Single and Binary Composite Transition Metal mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Preparation of macroporous transition metal hydroxide monoliths via a sol-gel process accompanied by phase separation

Liu

Feng

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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three-dimensional transition metal hydroxide monoliths were facilely fabricated by a sol-gel process accompanied by phase separation in the presence of polyacrylic acid (pAA) and propylene oxide (po). in the typical Zncl 2 -pAA-po system, pAA is used as a phase separation inducer as well as a framework former to control the phase separation and the formation of macrostructures, whereas po works as a proton scavenger to initiate the gelation of the system and freeze the macrostructures. Appropriate amount of pAA, po and solvents allow the formation of zinc (Zn) hydroxide monolith with cocontinuous skeletons and interconnected macropores, and the construction mechanism and characteristics of macrostructure are also investigated. the resultant dried gels are amorphous Zn hydroxide monolith with a narrow macropore size distribution (~1 μm). this approach is further used to successfully prepare macroporous single or binary composite transition metal hydroxide monoliths.

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confidence: 79%

Section: Preparation Of Single and Binary Composite Transition Metal mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of macroporous transition metal hydroxide monoliths via a sol-gel process accompanied by phase separation

Liu

Feng

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Examination of these materials using element-specific TEM clearly illustrates the intimate mixing of the distinct chemical components on the nanometer scale that can be achieved using this approach (Figure 8.8). A similar strategy was utilized in the synthesis of interpenetrating metal oxide-polymer aerogel networks that can then be converted to porous metal or metal oxide structures through calcination [48,49] (Chap. 14).…”

Section: Mixed Metal Oxide and Composite Aerogelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Robust Approach to Inorganic Aerogels: The Use of Epoxides in Sol–Gel Synthesis

Baumann¹,

Gash²,

Satcher³

2011

Aerogels Handbook

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Over the last decade, the diversity of metal oxide materials prepared using sol-gel techniques has increased significantly. This transformation can be attributed, in part, to the development of the technique known as epoxide-initiated gelation. The process utilizes organic epoxides as initiators for the sol-gel polymerization of simple inorganic metal salts in aqueous or alcoholic media. In this approach, the epoxide acts as an acid scavenger in the sol-gel reaction, driving the hydrolysis and condensation of hydrated metal species. This process is general and applicable to the synthesis of a wide range of metal oxide aerogels, xerogels, and nanocomposites. In addition, modification of synthetic parameters allows for control over the structure and properties of the sol-gel product. This method is particularly amenable to the synthesis of multi-component or composite sol-gel systems with intimately mixed nanostructures. This chapter describes both the reaction mechanisms associated with epoxide-initiated gelation as well as the variety of materials that have been prepared using this technique. IntroductionAerogels [1, 2] are a special class of open-cell foams that exhibit many interesting properties, such as low mass densities, continuous porosities, and high surface areas. These unique properties are derived from the aerogel microstructure, which typically consists of three-dimensional networks of interconnected nanometer-sized primary particles. Because of their unusual chemical and textural properties, aerogels have been investigated for a wide variety of applications, including catalysis, sorption, insulation, energy storage, and even for cosmic dust collection (Parts VIII-XV). To further expand the utility of these materials, recent efforts have focussed the development of new synthetic processes that can be used to tailor both the composition and structure of aerogels for different applications. Aerogels are typically prepared using sol-gel chemistry, a process that involves the transformation of molecular precursors into highly cross-linked inorganic or organic gels that can then be dried using special techniques to preserve the tenuous solid network. For organic and carbon

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“…After entering the 21st century, aerogel category was booming. Lots of novel non-silica oxide aerogels [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ], chalcogenide aerogels [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ], gradient aerogels (from 90 s) and other aerogel composites sprang up one after another [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]. Recently, novel aerogels such as carbon nanotube (CNT) aerogel [ 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ], graphene aerogel [ 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 ], silicon aerogel and carbide (or carbonitride) aerogel were added into the aerogel community continually [ 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Special Material or a New State of Matter: A Review and Reconsideration of the Aerogel

et al. 2013

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The ultrahighly nanoporous aerogel is recognized as a state of matter rather than as a functional material, because of its qualitative differences in bulk properties, transitional density and enthalpy between liquid and gas, and diverse chemical compositions. In this review, the characteristics, classification, history and preparation of the aerogel were introduced. More attention was paid to the sol-gel method for preparing different kinds of aerogels, given its important role on bridging the synthetic parameters with the properties. At last, preparation of a novel single-component aerogel, design of a composite aerogel and industrial application of the aerogel were regarded as the research tendency of the aerogel state in the near future.

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Monolithic copper oxide aerogel via dispersed inorganic sol–gel method

Cited by 53 publications

References 37 publications

Preparation of macroporous transition metal hydroxide monoliths via a sol-gel process accompanied by phase separation

Preparation of macroporous transition metal hydroxide monoliths via a sol-gel process accompanied by phase separation

A Robust Approach to Inorganic Aerogels: The Use of Epoxides in Sol–Gel Synthesis

A Special Material or a New State of Matter: A Review and Reconsideration of the Aerogel

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