Monoisoamyl and mono‐n‐hexyl meso‐2,3‐dimercaptosuccinate in mobilizing ²⁰³hg retention in relation to age of rats and route of administration

Abstract

Monoisoamyl (Mi-ADMS) and mono-n-hexyl (Mn-HDMS) monoesters of meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) were given orally or parenterally for the mobilization of inorganic mercury in suckling and older rats. Chelators were administered at a dose of 2 x 0.5 mmol kg-1 on two consecutive days 2 weeks after a single 203Hg injection. Six days later, whole-body, kidney, liver and brain radioactivities were determined in gamma scintillation counters. Both Mi-ADMS and Mn-HDMS were found to be superior to DMSA in mobilizing mercury from body and organs. The results were similar after oral or parenteral treatment. The efficiency of both monoesters was even higher in younger than in older rats. This is the first report on the mobilization of mercury from the body of sucklings under conditions of late oral treatment.

Haematological, hepatic and renal alterations after repeated oral or intraperitoneal administration of monoisoamyl DMSA. I. Changes in male rats

“…These results are in accordance with recent reports suggesting significant copper loss after MiADMSA. 26,28,37 This excessive loss of copper could be one of the contributing factors to mild anaemia. It has been suggested that depletion of copper could result in neutropenia, hypochromic anaemia, decreased skin pigmentation, poor superoxide radical defence, elastin and collagen crosslinking defects and osteoporosis.…”

Therapeutic potential of monoisoamyl and monomethyl esters of meso 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid in gallium arsenide intoxicated rats

“…Structural features of these monoesters indicated that some of them might increase the excretion of other metals. Kostial et al (1995) reported that monoisoamyl DMSA and mono-n-hexyl DMSA (MnHDMSA) are superior to DMSA in mobilizing mercury from body and organs. The same monoesters were also found to be efficient in decreasing body lead burden of mice (Walker et al, 1992).…”

Beneficial role of monoesters of meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid in the mobilization of lead and recovery of tissue oxidative injury in rats

“…Recently, few monoesters and diesters of DMSA with more lipophilic properties were developed and tried as therapeutic agents for metal poisoning in mice and rats (Kreppel et al, 1993;Kostial et al, 1995;Xu et al, 1995;Blanusa et al, 1997;Flora et al, 1997;Pande et al, 2001). Number of recent studies support the hypothesis that monoisoamyl ester of DMSA could be a potential drug to be used in the treatment of heavy metal poisoning both individually or in combination with DMSA (Flora et al, , in press, 2004Bhadauria and Flora, 2004;Saxena and Flora, 2004).…”