Monogenean anchor morphometry: systematic value, phylogenetic signal, and evolution

Khang, Tsung Fei; Soo, Oi Yoon Michelle; Tan, Wooi Boon; Lim, L. H. S.

doi:10.7287/peerj.preprints.1283

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…We created a new R (Version 3.2.1; R Core Team, 2015 ) package called monogeneaGM ( Khang, 2015 ) to process raw landmark coordinate data and integrate new methodological developments in the current study with numerous data processing and analysis tools in R packages, such as ( Adams & Otarola-Castillo, 2013 ), phytools ( Revell, 2012 ), ( Agostinelli & Lund, 2013 ), gplots ( Warnes et al, 2014 ), ape ( Paradis, Claude & Strimmer, 2004 ), rgl ( Adler et al, 2014 ) and ( Maechler et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monogenean anchor morphometry: systematic value, phylogenetic signal, and evolution

Khang

Soo

Tan

et al. 2016

PeerJ

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Background. Anchors are one of the important attachment appendages for monogenean parasites. Common descent and evolutionary processes have left their mark on anchor morphometry, in the form of patterns of shape and size variation useful for systematic and evolutionary studies. When combined with morphological and molecular data, analysis of anchor morphometry can potentially answer a wide range of biological questions.Materials and Methods. We used data from anchor morphometry, body size and morphology of 13 Ligophorus (Monogenea: Ancyrocephalidae) species infecting two marine mugilid (Teleostei: Mugilidae) fish hosts: Moolgarda buchanani (Bleeker) and Liza subviridis (Valenciennes) from Malaysia. Anchor shape and size data (n = 530) were generated using methods of geometric morphometrics. We used 28S rRNA, 18S rRNA, and ITS1 sequence data to infer a maximum likelihood phylogeny. We discriminated species using principal component and cluster analysis of shape data. Adams’s Kmult was used to detect phylogenetic signal in anchor shape. Phylogeny-correlated size and shape changes were investigated using continuous character mapping and directional statistics, respectively. We assessed morphological constraints in anchor morphometry using phylogenetic regression of anchor shape against body size and anchor size. Anchor morphological integration was studied using partial least squares method. The association between copulatory organ morphology and anchor shape and size in phylomorphospace was used to test the Rohde-Hobbs hypothesis. We created monogeneaGM, a new R package that integrates analyses of monogenean anchor geometric morphometric data with morphological and phylogenetic data.Results. We discriminated 12 of the 13 Ligophorus species using anchor shape data. Significant phylogenetic signal was detected in anchor shape. Thus, we discovered new morphological characters based on anchor shaft shape, the length between the inner root point and the outer root point, and the length between the inner root point and the dent point. The species on M. buchanani evolved larger, more robust anchors; those on L. subviridis evolved smaller, more delicate anchors. Anchor shape and size were significantly correlated, suggesting constraints in anchor evolution. Tight integration between the root and the point compartments within anchors confirms the anchor as a single, fully integrated module. The correlation between male copulatory organ morphology and size with anchor shape was consistent with predictions from the Rohde-Hobbs hypothesis.Conclusions. Monogenean anchors are tightly integrated structures, and their shape variation correlates strongly with phylogeny, thus underscoring their value for systematic and evolutionary biology studies. Our MonogeneaGM R package provides tools for researchers to mine biological insights from geometric morphometric data of speciose monogenean genera.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monogenean anchor morphometry: systematic value, phylogenetic signal, and evolution

Khang

Soo

Tan

et al. 2016

PeerJ

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“…However, it should be noted that the species analysed in both studies (Sarabeev & Desdevises, 2014;Khang et al, 2016) were from the same region, respectively, the Mediterranean and Black Seas in the first article and Malaysia in the second. The closest species to L. kaohsianghsieni according to all phylogenetic Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of them were distinguished on the basis of DNA sequence data (Marchiori et al, 2015;Pakdee et al, 2018). However, these data are discrete or insufficient, representing 127 sequences of the different parts of the nuclear DNA ribosomal cluster for only 32 species (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore), including 12 species from the Mediterranean Sea and two species from the Azov Sea (Mollaret et al, 2000;Plaisance et al, 2005;Blasco-Costa et al, 2012;Rodríguez-González et al, 2015a), two species from the West Atlantic Ocean off Brasilia (Marchiori et al, 2015), 14 species from the East Indian Ocean off Malaysia (Soo et al, 2015;Khang et al, 2016) and for three species from the South China Sea (Wu et al, 2006(Wu et al, , 2007Pakdee et al, 2018). Data on DNA sequences for Ligophorus species from the Black Sea and the Sea of Japan are still lacking.…”

Section: Monogeneans Of Ligophorusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Monogeneans of Ligophorus Euzet et Suriano, 1977 are specific gill parasites of fish from the family Mugilidae Jarocki, 1822. The genus currently includes 66 nominal species (Euzet & Suriano, 1977; Dmitrieva et al , 2007, 2012, 2013a; Abdallah et al , 2009; Soo & Lim, 2012, 2013; El Hafidi et al , 2013a, b; Kritsky et al , 2013; Sarabeev et al , 2013; Marchiori et al , 2015; Rodríguez-González et al , 2015a, 2015b; Khang et al , 2016; Pakdee et al , 2018). Identification of Ligophorus species is based mainly on the morphology of hard structures of the haptor and the distal parts of the female and male reproductive systems (Euzet & Suriano, 1977; Sarabeev et al , 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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First morphological and phylogenetic data on Ligophorus kaohsianghsieni (Platyhelminthes: Monogenea) from the Black Sea and the Sea of Japan and molecular evidence of deep divergence of sympatric Ligophorus species parasitizing Planiliza haematocheilus

et al. 2022

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Ligophorus kaohsianghsieni (Gusev, 1962) Gusev, 1985 was collected from the so-iuy mullet Planiliza haematocheilus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845) from the Black Sea and the Sea of Japan. DNA sequences data for L. kaohsianghsieni, as well as its morphological characters from the Sea of Japan were obtained for the first time. Significant morphometric and genetic diversity between specimens of L. kaohsianghsieni from the Black-Azov Sea region and the Sea of Japan were not found. For the first time, the molecular phylogeny of L. kaohsianghsieni based on three fragments of the nuclear DNA ribosomal cluster (18S, internal transcribed spacer 1 and 28S) was reconstructed. Molecular analysis of Ligophorus species from the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans revealed a significant phylogenetic distance between L. kaohsianghsieni and two others species (Ligophorus pilengas and Ligophorus llewellyni) from the same host (P. haematocheilus) and region. This result indicates the lack of correspondence between the phylogenetic and geographical closeness of the hosts and the relation of their parasites from the genus Ligophorus.

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“…These highly polymorphic short tandem repeats are, due to their unique characteristics (e.g., high allelic variance, codominance, and Mendelian inheritance), usually applied to infer gene flow rate, hybridization, or mating pattern on the intra‐ and interpopulation levels. Studies investigating interpopulation variability in monogeneans are often conducted using either morphometrics (Khang et al, 2016; Kmentová et al, 2016; Mariniello et al, 2004; Rahmouni et al, 2020; Rodríguez‐González et al, 2015; Vignon & Sasal, 2010), mitochondrial markers (Antonio Baeza et al, 2019; Huyse et al, 2017; Pettersen et al, 2021), or the combination of both methods (Huyse & Volckaert, 2002; Kmentová, Koblmüller, Van Steenberge, Artois, et al, 2020; Kmentová, Koblmüller, Van Steenberge, Raeymaekers, et al, 2020). However, until now, no genetic markers useful for revealing population structure in monogeneans have been identified for studies on dactylogyrids.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

De novo developed microsatellite markers in gill parasites of the genus Dactylogyrus (Monogenea): Revealing the phylogeographic pattern of population structure in the generalist parasite Dactylogyrus vistulae

Benovics

Gettová

Šimková

2021

Ecology and Evolution

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Monogenean anchor morphometry: systematic value, phylogenetic signal, and evolution

Abstract: 26Anchors are important attachment appendages that prevent the physical dislodging of 27 a monogenean parasite from fish host gills.

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

Monogenean anchor morphometry: systematic value, phylogenetic signal, and evolution

Monogenean anchor morphometry: systematic value, phylogenetic signal, and evolution

First morphological and phylogenetic data on Ligophorus kaohsianghsieni (Platyhelminthes: Monogenea) from the Black Sea and the Sea of Japan and molecular evidence of deep divergence of sympatric Ligophorus species parasitizing Planiliza haematocheilus

De novo developed microsatellite markers in gill parasites of the genus Dactylogyrus (Monogenea): Revealing the phylogeographic pattern of population structure in the generalist parasite Dactylogyrus vistulae

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