Monoelemental 2D materials-based field effect transistors for sensing and biosensing: Phosphorene, antimonene, arsenene, silicene, and germanene go beyond graphene

Gablech, Imrich; Pekárek, J; Klempa, Jaroslav; Svatoš, Vojtěch; Sajedi-Moghaddam, Ali; Neužil, Pavel; Pumera, Martin

doi:10.1016/j.trac.2018.05.008

Cited by 74 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…2D nanomaterials, owing to their exceptional biocompatibility, adsorption toward target molecules, surface property and electronic sensitivity, have been widely utilized as sensing channel to enhance the sensitivity of FET biosensors . BP nanosheets with wide bandgap range (0.3 eV for bulk BP to 2.0 eV for monolayer BP) and high carrier mobility (1000 cm 2 V −1 s −1 ) have been selected as an ideal candidate for the development of high‐performance FET sensing platform . Few‐layers BP nanosheets have been reported as sensing channel for the design of FET biosensors .…”

Section: Biosensing Application Of Nano‐bpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances on Black Phosphorus for Biomedicine and Biosensing

Xia

Guo

2019

Adv Funct Materials

192

115

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Black phosphorus nanostructures (nano-BPs) include BP nanosheets, BP quantum dots, and BP nanoparticles. Since first being discovered in 2014, nano-BP has become one of the most popular nanomaterials. Nano-BP has many unique properties, such as excellent surface activity, tunable bandgap, high carrier mobility, moderate on/off ratio, excellent biocompatibility, good biodegradation, etc., all of which make nano-BP particularly attractive in biomedicine and biosensing. This review article comprehensively summarizes recent advances in synthesis, functionalization, biomedicine, and biosensing applications of nano-BP. Different methods are first introduced, such as mechanical cleavage, liquid-phase ultrasonic exfoliation, electrochemical exfoliation, solvothermal treatment, and acoustic-microfluidic stripping, for making the nano-BP. Then two strategies are emphasized to enhance ambient stability of nano-BP, namely physical encapsulation and chemical modification. Next, how to develop nano-BP as advanced imaging agents, nanocarriers, and nanomedicine for bioimaging (fluorescence imaging, thermal imaging, and photoacoustic imaging) and disease treatment (phototherapy and photo/chemical/immune synergistic therapy) is demonstrated. The biosensing applications on nano-BP is introduced, including electrochemical biosensor, fluorescence biosensor, chemiluminescence biosensor, electrogenerated chemiluminescence biosensor, and colorimetric biosensor. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives on nano-BP in bioapplications are discussed. Nano-BP SynthesisLayered nanomaterials are usually exfoliated from bulk crystals. [35] Compared with bulk materials, monolayer or fewlayer nanomaterials possess the enhanced surface area, excellent physiochemical activity and optoelectronic property. The exfoliation from bulk crystal to monolayer or few-layer nanosheets has been widely applied for preparing almost all the 2D nanomaterials, graphene, MoS 2 , MXene nanosheets, etc. [36] Bulk BP, similar to graphite, is the stacking of layered BP nanosheets via the weak van der Waals force. The destruction of the external driving forces to the weak van der Waals interaction between the stack layers greatly contributes to the exfoliation of nano-BP from the bulk counterparts. Mechanical exfoliation and liquid phase ultrasonic exfoliation are the two most popular approaches, and some other methods were also involved, electrochemical exfoliation and solvothermal treatment, for instance. Table 1 summarizes the advantages and limitations of different exfoliation methods. Mechanical ExfoliationMechanical exfoliation, also called scotch-tape delamination, mainly utilizes the larger binding energy between the substrate and layered materials than van der Waals forces in Figure 2. a) Schematic illustration of meta-assisted mechanical exfoliation for FLBP. b) The left is FLBPs exfoliated using the normal scotch-tape microcleavage, and the right is FLBP exfoliated using Au-assisted method, and c) the total area of FLBP on 10 different samples. ...

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Section: Biosensing Application Of Nano‐bpmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances on Black Phosphorus for Biomedicine and Biosensing

Xia

Guo

2019

Adv Funct Materials

192

115

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“…Monoelemental 2D materials in group VA is another kind of hot research subject. Stimulated by phosphorene, group VA Xenes such as arsenene, antimonene, and bismuthene have provoked much attention in the past few years [20,21,83]. Abundant theoretical and experimental studies related to group VA Xenes would not only expand the fundamental knowledge of this material family but also flourish their applications in semiconductor technologies.…”

Section: Fundamental Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in photonics of recently developed Xenes

Fan

Wang

et al. 2020

Nanophotonics

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Abstract Monoelemental two-dimensional materials are well known as Xenes. The representatives graphene and phosphorene have received considerable attention because of their outstanding physical properties. In recent years, the family members of Xenes have greatly increased, and the emerging ones are gaining more and more interest. In this review, we mainly focus on the recently developed Xenes in groups IIIA, VA, and VI. Comprehensive discussions of the latest progress are given in the aspects of basic physical properties and intriguing applications in photonics, optoelectronics, energy, and biomedicines.

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“…Since the isolation of graphene in 2004, numerous two-dimensional materials have been discovered, isolated, synthesized [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15], and/or developed using computational tools. Researchers around the world have shifted their research focus from the syntheses processes to the modification of two-dimensional materials to optimize their electronic properties in the design of emerging electronic devices such as solar cells, supercapacitors, field effect transistors (FETs), and gas sensors [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32]. Among the electronic properties that can be controlled is the structure of energy bands which can be achieved through: (1) alloying between two-dimensional materials to form two-dimensional ternary materials, (2) vertical stacking of two-dimensional materials that can produce 2D heterostructures [12,13,14], known as van der Waals solids, and (3) controlling the thickness of two-dimensional materials through their number of layers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Properties of Two-Dimensional Materials Used in Gas Sensors

Vargas-Bernal

2019

Sensors

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In the search for gas sensing materials, two-dimensional materials offer the possibility of designing sensors capable of tuning the electronic band structure by controlling their thickness, quantity of dopants, alloying between different materials, vertical stacking, and the presence of gases. Through materials engineering it is feasible to study the electrical properties of two-dimensional materials which are directly related to their crystalline structure, first Brillouin zone, and dispersion energy, the latter estimated through the tight-binding model. A review of the electrical properties directly related to the crystalline structure of these materials is made in this article for the two-dimensional materials used in the design of gas sensors. It was found that most 2D sensing materials have a hexagonal crystalline structure, although some materials have monoclinic, orthorhombic and triclinic structures. Through the simulation of the mathematical models of the dispersion energy, two-dimensional and three-dimensional electronic band structures were predicted for graphene, hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) and silicene, which must be known before designing a gas sensor.

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Monoelemental 2D materials-based field effect transistors for sensing and biosensing: Phosphorene, antimonene, arsenene, silicene, and germanene go beyond graphene

Cited by 74 publications

References 31 publications

Recent Advances on Black Phosphorus for Biomedicine and Biosensing

Recent Advances on Black Phosphorus for Biomedicine and Biosensing

Advances in photonics of recently developed Xenes

Electrical Properties of Two-Dimensional Materials Used in Gas Sensors

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