Monocyte nonspecific esterase. Enzymologic characterization of a neutral serine esterase associated with myeloid cells.

Abstract

Monocytes contain a characteristic, prominent set of membrane-bound nonspecific esterases with a slightly acid isoelectric point. These esterases are also detected at modest levels in some granulocyte preparations. They are not apparent in lymphocytes. Among 18 fresh myeloid leukemias and myeloid leukemia cell lines, those of subtypes M4 (myelomonocytic) and M5 (monocytic) were strongly positive; some of subtypes M1-M3 (granulocytic) were moderately positive. The esterases were not detected among 32 fresh lymphoid leukemias and lymphoid leukemia and lymphoblast cell lines. The membrane-bound monocyte esterases, solubilized by treatment of monocyte preparations with nonionic detergent, were resolved by ion-exchange chromatography. The monocyte species account for 80-95% of the total nonspecific esterase activity of monocytes. The resolved enzymes behave as neutral serine carboxyl esterases and are highly sensitive to inhibition by diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP) and also by sodium fluoride. Similar analysis of a lymphocyte preparation yielded no detectable monocyte esterases, but yielded numerous other forms which were generally resistant to inhibition by DFP and NaF. These nonspecific esterases are also present at background levels in monocytes. The resolution and characterization of the membrane-bound serine esterases from monocytes demonstrates the basis for the well-known cytochemistry of monocytes. The results are also crucial to the development of an immunologic surface marker test for myeloid cells and the study of monocyte membrane physiology.

Cytotoxicity of Vitex agnus-castus fruit extract and its major component, casticin, correlates with differentiation status in leukemia cell lines

“…3A). The NSE is a well-known selective cytochemical marker for the monocyte/macrophage lineage (21). Consistent with these previous reports, NSE activity (brownish-red granulation) was observed in PMA-and VD 3 -treated HL-60 cells, but not in untreated HL-60 cells (Fig.…”

Synthetic Immunogenic Cell Death Mediated by Intracellular Delivery of STING Agonist Nanoshells Enhances Anticancer Chemo-immunotherapy

“…The different release profiles at pH 5 and 7.4 can be credited to kinetics of hydrolytic degradation of PLGA, the ester backbone of which is more rapidly hydrolyzed under acidic conditions. 31 In the presence of esterase, an enzyme strongly expressed by monocytes, 32 the nanoshells released most of its contents under 12 h (Figure 1D). To demonstrate the ability of the nanoshells to deliver STING agonists into cancer cells, nanoshells encapsulating fluorescently tagged cdGMP DY547 (NS(cdGMP DY547 )), which possess identical physicochemical properties as NS(cGAMP) (Figure S1C), were incubated with CT26 murine colon cancer cells.…”

Amphibian (Xenopus laevis) Tadpoles and Adult Frogs Differ in Their Antiviral Responses to Intestinal Frog Virus 3 Infections

“…Intuitively, mock-infected tadpoles possess non-specific esterase [NSE; marker of myeloid-lineage cells ( 29 )]-positive cells in their intestines (predominantly in the mucosa layers), and the proportion of these NSE-staining cells increased following FV3-challenge ( Supplementary Figure 1 ).…”