Monoclonal Gammopathy in a Dog With Visceral Leishmaniasis

Font, Artur; Closa, Jose Maria; Mascort, Joan

doi:10.1111/j.1939-1676.1994.tb03223.x

Cited by 40 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Rombolà et al (2008), Bonfanti et al (2004), and Giraudel et al (2002) explain this correlation as the result of a chronic antigenic stimulation in a genetically susceptible patient. The identification of an IgG/λ type MC in the dog infected with L is in agreement with the rare cases reported in the literature (Font et al 1994;Giraudel et al 2002;Randi et al 2006). Particularly important is also the detection of BJ proteinuria of λ type by IFU.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Furthermore, the lack of correspondence between the position of a BJ-related band and those of the heavy and light chains of the MC identified in serum is consistent with the activity of a single plasma cell clone producing only light immunoglobulin chains. This finding is reported in human medicine during micromolecular myeloma, a condition characterized by the presence of only BJ proteinuria in the absence of MG (Bonfanti et al 2004;Font et al 1994). For these reasons, the dog affected by L is rechecked periodically.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…Osteolytic lesions, hypercalcemia, and BJ proteinuria are considered negative prognostic factors in course of MM (Cowgill et al 2004;Hendrix et al 1998;Ramaiah et al 2002) and are effectively absent in Case N°1. There are few reports, in either human or veterinary medicine, about the occurrence of L in the presence of a MC, so that L is rarely taken into consideration within a differential diagnosis (Bonfanti et al 2004;Font et al 1994). In human medicine (Randi et al 2006;Rombolà et al 2008), a few cases of an early diagnosis of MM have been reconsidered based on both the detection of L amastigoti in the bone marrow and remission of symptoms after antiparasitic therapy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monoclonal gammopathy associated with multiple myeloma and visceral leishmaniasis in the dog: A comparison of two cases

et al. 2010

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The term monoclonal gammopathy (MG) suggests the presence of clonal immunoglobulins in blood serum that are recognized as narrow spikes in the β and/or γ region of the electrophoretic pattern of serum. In the dog, MG is rare and is associated with a heterogeneous group of diseases that include multiple myeloma (the most common source of MG) as well as infectious and chronic inflammatory diseases such as Leishmaniasis. In this paper, two cases of MG are described: the first case is associated with multiple myeloma of monoclonal component type IgA/λ, with the latter rare in dogs, and the second case involves MG that developed 3 years after an initial diagnosis of Leishmaniasis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Monoclonal gammopathy associated with multiple myeloma and visceral leishmaniasis in the dog: A comparison of two cases

et al. 2010

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“…114 The relationship between cardiopulmonary disease and L. infantum is rather unclear with its pathological conditions-notably, nonsuppurative myocarditis, fibrinous pericarditis, and pneumonia-being a rare occurrence. 53,135,145 The underlying pathology of CanL-associated meningoencephalomyelitis, which would explain the various neurologic signs observed (eg, seizures, painful and rigid neck, paraplegia), is consistent with a granulomatous and/or neutrophilic meningitis, central nervous system granulomas, spinal hemorrhages, vasculitis, or brain infarcts. 54,58,65,67,150 The increasing evidence regarding the coital vertical transmission of L. infantum worldwide has highlighted the clinical importance of genital disease in the leishmanial dog.…”

Section: General Pathomechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathologic Mechanisms Underlying the Clinical Findings in Canine Leishmaniosis due to Leishmaniainfantum/chagasi

Koutinas¹,

2014

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In dogs with symptomatic or asymptomatic leishmaniosis, Leishmania infantum appears to induce a mixed Th1/Th2 immune response that in the sick dog may eventually result in tissue damage via different pathomechanisms, notably granulomatous inflammation (eg, nodular dermatitis, osteomyelitis), immune complex deposition (eg, glomerulonephritis), and/or autoantibody production (eg, polymyositis). This is a compensatory but detrimental mechanism generated mainly because of the insufficient killing capacity of macrophages against the parasite in the susceptible dog. Clinical disease is typically exemplified as exfoliative and/or ulcerative dermatitis, with or without nasodigital hyperkeratosis and onychogryphosis, glomerulonephritis, atrophic myositis of masticatory muscles, anterior uveitis, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, epistaxis, and/or polyarthritis, appearing alone or in various combinations. The pathogenesis of these clinical conditions has recently been highlighted, to a greater or lesser extent. The usually subclinical conditions expressed as chronic colitis, chronic hepatitis, vasculitis, myocarditis, osteomyelitis, orchiepididymitis, and meningoencephalomyelitis, though uncommon, are of pathologic importance from a differential point of view. The leading cause of death among canine leishmaniosis patients is chronic proteinuric nephritis that may progress to end-stage kidney disease, nephrotic syndrome, and/or systemic hypertension. However, even the asymptomatic proteinuria, when profuse, may be a serious problem because it predisposes to arterial thromboembolism and eventually contributes to the deterioration of the body condition.

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“…Although relatively uncommon, this protozoan may lead to the development of myocarditis, which has been reported in both dogs (Büngener & Mehlitz, 1977, Font et al 1993, Torrent et al 2005) and human beings, and was characterized by histological alterations that, when seve-re enough, present edema, leukocyte infiltration, focal necrosis, and proliferation of Anitschkow myocytes. All these alterations were once named as "reactional myocardium" (De-Morais et al 1988, Puerto-Alonso et al 2006.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the electrocardiogram in dogs with visceral leishmaniasis

et al. 2013

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Pesq. Vet. Bras. 33(5): 643-647, maio 2013 643 RESUMO.-[Avaliação do eletrocardiograma em cães com leishmaniose visceral.] Devido à identificação prévia de miocardite e arritmias tanto em seres humanos quanto em cães portadores de leishmaniose, 105 cães com sorologia positiva para tal enfermidade tiveram seus eletrocardiogramas avaliados quanto à presença de distúrbios do ritmo e alterações nas ondas eletrocardiográficas. Poucas variações expressivas foram observadas, exceto parada sinusal, bloqueio de ramo direito e complexos atriais prematuros em 14,3%, 4,8%, e 4,8% dos pacientes estudados, respectivamente. Ademais, a análise do ECG demonstrou alterações sugestivas de sobrecarga do átrio e do ventrículo esquerdos e hipóxia do miocárdio. Embora o comprometimento cardíaco em cães com leishmaniose já tenha sido demonstrado anteriormente, apenas uma pequena parte dos cães avaliados apresentou alteração no eletrocardiograma, não sendo possível correlacionar com a ocorrência de miocardite nesta pesquisa. As myocarditis and arrhythmias have been shown to occur in both human beings and dogs with leishmaniasis, electrocardiograms of 105 dogs serologically positive for this disease were assessed for rhythm disturbances and changes in ECG waves. A few expressive alterations were seen, including sinus arrest, right bundle branch block, and atrial premature beats in 14.3%, 4.8%, and 4.8% of the studied subjects, respectively. Also, the analysis of ECG waves showed changes suggestive of left atrium and ventricle enlargements, and myocardial hypoxia in some animals. Although cardiac compromise has been previously reported in dogs with leishmaniasis, only a small subset of dogs showed any alteration in the electrocardiogram, which cannot support the occurrence of myocarditis in this investigation.

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Monoclonal Gammopathy in a Dog With Visceral Leishmaniasis

Cited by 40 publications

References 4 publications

Monoclonal gammopathy associated with multiple myeloma and visceral leishmaniasis in the dog: A comparison of two cases

Monoclonal gammopathy associated with multiple myeloma and visceral leishmaniasis in the dog: A comparison of two cases

Pathologic Mechanisms Underlying the Clinical Findings in Canine Leishmaniosis due to Leishmaniainfantum/chagasi

Assessment of the electrocardiogram in dogs with visceral leishmaniasis

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