Monoclonal antibodies to equine IgM improve the sensitivity of West Nile virus-specific IgM detection in horses

Wagner, Bettina; Glaser, Amy L.; Hillegas, Julia M.; Erb, Hollis N.; Gold, Carvel; Freer, Heather

doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2007.10.013

Cited by 32 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Thus, a single sample may give misleading or inaccurate results of the true etiology, underscoring the importance of testing both acute-and convalescent-phase samples. Furthermore, while numerous protocols with minor technical variations exist (30,44), testing all the protocol variants published was not a feasible option; rather, our objective was to evaluate each technique overall.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Widely Used Diagnostic Tests To Detect West Nile Virus Infections in Horses Previously Infected with St. Louis Encephalitis Virus or Dengue Virus Type 2

Ledermann

Loroño-Pino

Ellis

et al. 2011

Clin Vaccine Immunol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Primary West Nile virus (WNV) infections can be diagnosed using a number of tests that detect infectious particles, nucleic acid, and specific IgM and/or IgG antibodies. However, serological identification of the infecting agent in secondary or subsequent flavivirus infections is problematic due to the extensive cross-reactivity of flavivirus antibodies. This is particularly difficult in the tropical Americas where multiple flaviviruses cocirculate. A study of sequential flavivirus infection in horses was undertaken using three medically important flaviviruses and five widely utilized diagnostic assays to determine if WNV infection in horses that had a previous St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) or dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) infection could be diagnosed. Following the primary inoculation, 25% (3/12) and 75% (3/4) of the horses mounted antibody responses against SLEV and DENV-2, respectively. Eighty-eight percent of horses subsequently inoculated with WNV had a WNV-specific antibody response that could be detected with one of these assays. The plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) was sensitive in detection but lacked specificity, especially following repeated flavivirus exposure. The WNV-specific IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (IgM ELISA) was able to detect an IgM antibody response and was not crossreactive in a primary SLEV or DENV response. The WNV-specific blocking ELISA was specific, showing positives only following a WNV injection. Of great importance, we demonstrated that timing of sample collection and the need for multiple samples are important, as the infecting etiology could be misdiagnosed if only a single sample is tested.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Widely Used Diagnostic Tests To Detect West Nile Virus Infections in Horses Previously Infected with St. Louis Encephalitis Virus or Dengue Virus Type 2

Ledermann

Loroño-Pino

Ellis

et al. 2011

Clin Vaccine Immunol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[4][5][6] Diagnosis of WNV infection can be made by the use of an IgM capture ELISA or Flavivirus-blocking ELISA on serum samples. [9][10][11] In horses with WNV meningoencephalitis, WNV-specific IgM can also be detected in the CSF and nonspecific mononuclear pleocytosis can sometimes be detected during cytologic evaluation of the CSF. 6 Plaque reduction neutralization tests or SN assays have been used to confirm positive IgM ELISA results in WNV-free areas.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

West Nile virus–specific immunoglobulin isotype responses in vaccinated and infected horses

Khatibzadeh¹,

Gold²,

Keggan³

et al. 2015

ajvr

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…reqSC at concentrations up to 133 n (100 μl, flow rate of 30 μl min −1 ) was then applied and binding to the prebound IgA analyzed. To determine whether reqSC can bind eqIgM, the effect of preincubating reqSC with polyclonal serum eqIgM (0–200 μg ml −1 ) 52 on its ability to bind to prebound reqdIgA was assessed. BIAevaluation 3.2 software (GE Healthcare) was used for data analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

IgA in the horse: cloning of equine polymeric Ig receptor and J chain and characterization of recombinant forms of equine IgA

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As in other mammals, immunoglobulin A (IgA) in the horse has a key role in immune defense. To better dissect equine IgA function, we isolated complementary DNA (cDNA) clones for equine J chain and polymeric Ig receptor (pIgR). When coexpressed with equine IgA, equine J chain promoted efficient IgA polymerization. A truncated version of equine pIgR, equivalent to secretory component, bound with nanomolar affinity to recombinant equine and human dimeric IgA but not with monomeric IgA from either species. Searches of the equine genome localized equine J chain and pIgR to chromosomes 3 and 5, respectively, with J chain and pIgR coding sequence distributed across 4 and 11 exons, respectively. Comparisons of transcriptional regulatory sequences suggest that horse and human pIgR expression is controlled through common regulatory mechanisms that are less conserved in rodents. These studies pave the way for full dissection of equine IgA function and open up possibilities for immune-based treatment of equine diseases.

show abstract

Monoclonal antibodies to equine IgM improve the sensitivity of West Nile virus-specific IgM detection in horses

Cited by 32 publications

References 18 publications

Evaluation of Widely Used Diagnostic Tests To Detect West Nile Virus Infections in Horses Previously Infected with St. Louis Encephalitis Virus or Dengue Virus Type 2

Evaluation of Widely Used Diagnostic Tests To Detect West Nile Virus Infections in Horses Previously Infected with St. Louis Encephalitis Virus or Dengue Virus Type 2

West Nile virus–specific immunoglobulin isotype responses in vaccinated and infected horses

IgA in the horse: cloning of equine polymeric Ig receptor and J chain and characterization of recombinant forms of equine IgA

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About