Monoclonal Antibodies in Cancer Therapy

Abstract

Monoclonal antibody-based immunotherapy is now considered to be a main component of cancer therapy, alongside surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. Monoclonal antibodies possess a diverse set of clinically relevant mechanisms of action. In addition, antibodies can directly target tumor cells while simultaneously promoting the induction of long-lasting anti-tumor immune responses. The multifaceted properties of antibodies as a therapeutic platform have led to the development of new cancer treatment strategies that will have major impacts on cancer care. This review focuses on the known mechanisms of action, current clinical applications for the treatment of cancer, and mechanisms of resistance of monoclonal antibody therapy. We further discuss how monoclonal antibody-based strategies have moved towards enhancing anti-tumor immune responses by targeting immune cells instead of tumor antigens as well as some of the current combination therapies.

Nanomaterials for Protein Delivery in Anticancer Applications

“…Antibodies are also widely used to target externalized antigens, engineered to enter cells, or are expressed intracellularly with the aim of intracellular binding antigens. Specifically, monoclonal antibodies have been successfully used to combat many cancers and autoimmune diseases [ 98 ]. Moreover, there are various molecular activities leading to pathology, which can be attractive targets for biopharmaceutical development.…”

The Advances and Challenges of NK Cell-Based Cancer Immunotherapy

“…Interestingly, IPH2101 mAb can block KIR-mediated inhibition of NK cells to enhance cytotoxicity against AML blasts [ 51 ] and multiple myeloma [ 52 ]. Moreover, several clinical trials of using therapeutic mAb in combination with NK cells for cancer treatments have been reported in elsewhere reviews [ 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 ]. Although the therapeutic monoclonal antibodies have shown a promising therapeutic efficacy for many cancer types, dose optimization and optimal management of toxicity are still needed to be determined before infusing them into patients [ 54 ].…”

Breast, Ovarian, and Uterine Cancer: Etiology, Pathophysiology, and Management- A Review

“…The most recommended antibody therapy is IgG. This is because IgG can consort with their associated types thereby giving rise to specialized functions such as complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) 93 . Tumor cells that are overexpressed or cells that exhibit unique characteristics are killed by using targeted monoclonal antibodies by various processes.…”