Monoclonal antibodies as probes for Aedes aegypti trypsin

Graf, Rolf; Binz, Hans; Briegel, Hans J.

doi:10.1016/0020-1790(88)90063-7

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The male expression increase of several trypsins analyzed ( Fig 2 , cluster Bm) was not an expected result. For example, the late phase trypsin (AaLT—AAEL013284) is known as a midgut-specific protein that increases in content and activity after a blood meal in females [ 79 , 80 ]. Interestingly, it was significantly up-regulated in males after the emergence, raising questions about its biological role and tissue origin on the males, that are not under HGC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aedes aegypti post-emergence transcriptome: Unveiling the molecular basis for the hematophagic and gonotrophic capacitation

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The adult females of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes are facultative hematophagous insects but they are unable to feed on blood right after pupae emergence. The maturation process that takes place during the first post-emergence days, hereafter named hematophagic and gonotrophic capacitation, comprises a set of molecular and physiological changes that prepare the females for the first gonotrophic cycle. Notwithstanding, the molecular bases underlying mosquito hematophagic and gonotrophic capacitation remain obscure. Here, we investigated the molecular and biochemical changes in adult Ae. aegypti along the first four days post-emergence, prior to a blood meal. We performed a RNA-Seq analysis of the head and body, comparing male and female gene expression time courses. A total of 811 and 203 genes were differentially expressed, respectively in the body and head, and both body parts showed early, mid, and late female-specific expression profiles. Female-specific up-regulation of genes involved in muscle development and the oxidative phosphorylation pathway were remarkable features observed in the head. Functional assessment of mitochondrial oxygen consumption in heads showed a gradual increase in respiratory capacity and ATP-linked respiration as a consequence of induced mitochondrial biogenesis and content over time. This pattern strongly suggests that boosting oxidative phosphorylation in heads is a required step towards blood sucking habit. Several salivary gland genes, proteases, and genes involved in DNA replication and repair, ribosome biogenesis, and juvenile hormone signaling were up-regulated specifically in the female body, which may reflect the gonotrophic capacitation. This comprehensive description of molecular and biochemical mechanisms of the hematophagic and gonotrophic capacitation in mosquitoes unravels potentially new targets for vector control.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aedes aegypti post-emergence transcriptome: Unveiling the molecular basis for the hematophagic and gonotrophic capacitation

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…X64363), associated with late phase digestion. LT and 5G1 are initially detected at 6−8 hpbm and reach peak concentrations by 24 hpbm; these two trypsins are thought to account for the majority of endoproteolytic activity during digestion 8–11. Furthermore, a chymotrypsin (CHYMO, GenBank accession no.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Midgut Serine Proteases on Dengue Virus Type 2 Infectivity of Aedes aegypti

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dengue viruses (DENV) cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide and are transmitted by the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Mosquitoes become infected after ingesting a viremic bloodmeal, and molecular mechanisms involved in bloodmeal digestion may affect the ability of DENV to infect the midgut. We used RNA interference (RNAi) to silence expression of four midgut serine proteases and assessed the effect of each RNAi phenotype on DENV-2 infectivity of Aedes aegypti. Silencing resulted in significant reductions in protease mRNA levels and correlated with a reduction in activity except in the case of late trypsin. RNA silencing of chymotrypsin, early and late trypsin had no effect on DENV-2 infectivity. However, silencing of 5G1 or the addition of soybean trypsin inhibitor to the infectious bloodmeals significantly increased midgut infection rates. These results suggest that some midgut serine proteases may actually limit DENV-2 infectivity of Ae. aegypti.

show abstract

“…Berner et al (1983) had traced tryptic activity following one blood meal in A. stephensi, and Billingsley (1990;Billingsley and Hecker, 1991) investigated the activities and distribution of trypsin, aminopeptidase, and a-glucosidase. Graf et al (1988) had purified Aedes trypsin and raised polyclonal antibodies; since antibodies were also produced against A. albimanus trypsin (Graf et al, 1991), we began a comparative investigation of proteolysis in the midgut of various anopheline species. Furthermore, the data obtained with A. albimanus, under conditions of continuous digestion an vitellogenesis (Briegel and Horler, 19931, are compared to those on mosquitoes with a distinct gonotrophic cycle, such as A. aegypti.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteolytic enzymes of female Anopheles: Biphasic synthesis, regulation, and multiple feeding

Hörler

Briegel

1995

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Two types of trypsin activity were detected in Anopheles alhimanus, a constitutive and an inductive component, which have identical imrnunopatterns. The constitutive trypsin in synthesized shortly after eclosion and i s retained in the rnidgut epithelial cells. The inductive trypsin is synthesized and released continuously after a blood meal has been ingested; maximal activities vary between 12 h and 18 h after a blood meal. Once digestion is completed, trypsin i s excreted, but the constitutive trypsin level is restored within 24 h, before the next blood meal is taken. In A. garnbiae, A. stephensi, and A. quadrimaculatus, the constitutive trypsin component is also present, but at much lower levels. In A. albimanus fed multiple blood meals at 24 h intervals, trypsin oscillates at nearly maximal levels as long as blood is present in the midgut and depending on the ovarian status. Expression of the two trypsin components in A. alhimanus was found to be independent of the neurosecretory system, but synthesis of the constitutive trypsin appears to require the presence of the corpora allata. In all species tested, chyrnotrypsin is secreted after a blood meal in a similar temporal pattern as trypsin, but it is never present before the blood meal. Reinvestigating several aedine species for the presence of chymotrypsin by using different substrates revealed measurable quantities in blood-fed females compared to earlier reports. Equally, aminopeptidase activity is present in all species tested and characterized by a constitutive component. Its activities follow different temporal patterns than the endopeptidases. o 1995 WiIey-Liss, Inc.

show abstract

Monoclonal antibodies as probes for Aedes aegypti trypsin

Cited by 12 publications

References 19 publications

Aedes aegypti post-emergence transcriptome: Unveiling the molecular basis for the hematophagic and gonotrophic capacitation

Aedes aegypti post-emergence transcriptome: Unveiling the molecular basis for the hematophagic and gonotrophic capacitation

The Effects of Midgut Serine Proteases on Dengue Virus Type 2 Infectivity of Aedes aegypti

Proteolytic enzymes of female Anopheles: Biphasic synthesis, regulation, and multiple feeding

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About