Monobenzylether of Hydroquinone

Snell, Richard S.

doi:10.1001/archderm.1964.01600010069015

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Riley postulated that MBEH diffuses into melanosomes of pigment cells where the enzyme tyrosinase converts it to toxic species such as quinones, which react with essential cellular macromolecules such as proteins and DNA and cause melanocyte death 31–33 . Depigmentation induced by MBEH is generally irreversible and is associated histologically with loss of melanosomes and, eventually, loss of melanocytes 34,35 …”

Section: Monobenzyl Ether Of Hydroquinonementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[31][32][33] Depigmentation induced by MBEH is generally irreversible and is associated histologically with loss of melanosomes and, eventually, loss of melanocytes. 34,35 In many institutions worldwide, depigmentation therapy consists of the application of a bleaching agent containing MBEH. 26,[36][37][38] Application of MBEH is reserved for induction of complete depigmentation in severely affected vitiligo patients who cannot or do not choose to repigment, as well as those who wish to be universally amelanotic.…”

Section: Monobenzyl Ether Of Hydroquinonementioning

confidence: 99%

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Depigmentation therapies for normal skin in vitiligo universalis

AlGhamdi

Kumar

2010

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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If vitiligo involves most of the body, it might be easier to depigment the normal remaining skin rather than to attempt repigmentation. We reviewed the literature to date regarding available therapies for depigmenting the normal skin in vitiligo universalis. Our review revealed that the threshold regarding what percentage of body surface area qualifies as depigmentation is variable among practitioners. Monobenzyl ether of hydroquinone (MBEH) is the most widely used depigmenting agent and has few side-effects. Tretinoin in combination with MBEH is able to speed depigmentation of the skin. Monomethylether of hydroquinone has also been used successfully for depigmentation. Eighty-eight per cent phenol is also effective in depigmenting the skin but its application on large areas is toxic for liver and kidney. Different types of lasers are also available to destruct the melanocytes selectively, but this technique can be painful and expensive. Cryotherapy is a cheap depigmenting therapy but, because of scarring risk, it should only be used by experienced dermatologists. No trials have compared the efficacy of the above-mentioned well-established depigmentation agents/techniques. Certain drugs such as imatinib, imiquimod and diphencyprone, which are used to treat other diseases, caused depigmentation as a side-effect. Some depigmentation agents used for branding cattle can also serve as topical depigmentation agents. In conclusion, comparative clinical trials are needed to compare the efficacy of various depigmentation agents/techniques. In particular, topical imatinib, imiquimod and diphencyprone may be considered as potential depigmenting agents, which require further investigation. This review revealed that MBEH is safe and effective depigmenting agent.

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Section: Monobenzyl Ether Of Hydroquinonementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Monobenzyl Ether Of Hydroquinonementioning

confidence: 99%

Depigmentation therapies for normal skin in vitiligo universalis

AlGhamdi

Kumar

2010

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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“…Melanocytes become reduced in number and size and there is decreased melanin within and outside the melanocytes; the effect was observed to wear off after 4 weeks. Snell (1964) like Peck & Sabotka (t94i), found no change in melanin content of hairs and suggested MBEH may not penetrate skin so far as the follicular melanocytes. Jimbow et al, (1974) found evidence of destruction of melanocytes with hydroquinone; there was decreased formation of melanosomes, alteration of internal structure, increased melanosome degradation, and destruction of membranous organelles.…”

Section: Patient Selection and Instructionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Guinea-pig studies (Snell, 1964) have shown MBEH to inhibit melanogenesis. Melanocytes become reduced in number and size and there is decreased melanin within and outside the melanocytes; the effect was observed to wear off after 4 weeks.…”

Section: Patient Selection and Instructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monobenzylether of hydroquinone.

1977

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Of 18 severely afffected vitiligo patients who used 20% monobenzylether of hydroquinone (MBEH, Benoquin) as a depigmenting agent, 8 achieved complete depigmentation after 10 months or more of use and 3 dramatic but no complete hypopigmentation. The 3 patients with no results did not use MBEH for more than 4 months. Complications were frequent particularly among those who did well, but only 1 case of contact dermatitis limited therapy. All patients who depigmented fully were very pleased with their results. As depigmentation induced by MBEH is generally irreversible, MBEH use must be reserved for induction of complete depigmentation of severely affected vitiligo patients who cannot or do not choose to repigment and who can accept the permanence of never tanning. The history, histology and mechanism of MBEH depigmentation are discussed.

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“…[12] Later, several studies about the effects of industrial chemical agents on skin pigmentation had been performed. [13–20] These agents cause depigmentation and have selective toxicity against melanocytes. [21–25] Photography is a basic industry and has an important role in lithography, printing, medicine, electronic industry, police activities, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of skin diseases and disorders in photographers

Attarchi

Mohammadi

Asghari

2009

Indian J Occup Environ Med

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Occupational skin disease is very common and important among photographers due to the chemical substances used in photographic processes. In this cross-sectional study, 100 photographers were asked about their occupational exposures in their workplace. Physical examinations were done to find skin diseases and information about demographic factors and history of other skin diseases was collected via a questionnaire. This study examined 100 people, 86 men and 14 women; 37% of these 100 subjects were found to suffer from skin diseases and disorders: 24% contact dermatitis, 2% leukoderma, 3% nail hyperpigmentation. Less than half of these subjects (43%) were found to be working with nonmechanized (manual) printers whereas the other 57% worked with computerized printers. Employees working with nonmechanized printers were found to have a statistically meaningful increase in skin diseases compared with subjects who were working with computerized printers (Odds ratio = 7.4, 95% CI = 2.59−21.92, P = 0.001). Some (41%) of these subjects did not use gloves and were found to have a statistically significant increased incidence of skin diseases compared with the ones who used gloves (Odds ratio = 4.11, 95% CI = 1.72–13.21, P value = 0.002). Generally, it seems that adequate ventilation and protective gloves are necessary for decreasing the prevalence of occupational skin diseases among photographers. Also, educating the photographers about the risks of the chemical substances in their workplace is very important.

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Monobenzylether of Hydroquinone

Cited by 19 publications

References 10 publications

Depigmentation therapies for normal skin in vitiligo universalis

Depigmentation therapies for normal skin in vitiligo universalis

Monobenzylether of hydroquinone.

Evaluation of skin diseases and disorders in photographers

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