Mono-oxygenase activities of coho salmon (<i>Oncorhynchus kisutch</i>) liver microsomes using three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon substrates

Schnell, Jerome V.; Gruger, Edward H.; Malins, Donald C.

doi:10.3109/00498258009033749

Cited by 32 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The higher biotransformation rate observed for BaP is consistent with previous reports that larger, more hydrophobic PAH are more readily metabolized [3,9,27,33]. The apparent affinity of BaP for the monooxygenase enzymes in coho salmon is two orders of magnitude greater than that for NPH [34], suggesting a molecular basis for these differences in rates of biotransformation. The greater degree of binding of I4C radioactivity to the unextractable fraction in fish exposed to BaP may reflect the greater capacity for metabolism of BaP to activated intermediates, such as the diolepoxide, which are capable of covalently binding to tissue macromolecules [20].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Reduction in bioavailability to bluegills of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons bound to dissolved humic material

McCarthy

Jiménez

1985

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

152

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The uptake, depuration, metabolic fate and bioaccumulation of two polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), [14C]naphthalene (NPH) and [14C]benzo(α)pyrene (BaP), by bluegill sunfish were determined in the presence and absence of dissolved humic material (DHM) (20 mg C/L) The effect of binding to DHM on the bioavailability of PAH was analyzed by multicompartment kinetic models to determine the relative rates of uptake of PAH dissolved in water versus that bound to DHM. DHM reduced the accumulation of BaP by 90% (97% of BaP bound to DHM) but had little effect on uptake of NPH (2% bound to DHM). The rate coefficients for uptake of bound PAH were only 0 to 10% of the uptake of dissolved PAH. The potential for biotransformation has an important role in bioaccumulation by fish. Although accumulation of total radioactivity (PAH and metabolites) is 10‐fold greater in fish exposed to BaP than in fish exposed to NPH, BaP is extensively metabolized whereas NPH is not. Consequently, the bioconcentration of the parent NPH greatly exceeds that of the parent BaP. Because more hydrophobic PAH, such as BaP, have a high affinity for binding to DHM and rapid rates of biotransformation, these interactions may act to mitigate the biological impact of those very hydrophobic PAH having the greatest potential for bioaccumulation and transfer to humans via food chains.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Reduction in bioavailability to bluegills of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons bound to dissolved humic material

McCarthy

Jiménez

1985

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

152

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Sarojini et al 1995;Vijayavel et al 2004). They have been implicated in the toxicity to polychaetes (Rossi and Neff 1978;Rust et al 2004), bivalves (Bender et al 1988;Granby and Spliid 1995), shrimps (Dillon 1981;Jaward et al 2012) and fish (Schnell et al 1980;Incardona et al 2004).…”

Section: Pah Concentration In Sedimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of San Diego Bay marinas

Neira

Cossaboon

Mendoza

et al. 2017

Marine Pollution Bulletin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have garnered much attention due to their bioaccumulation, carcinogenic properties, and persistence in the environment. Investigation of the spatial distribution, composition, and sources of PAHs in sediments of three recreational marinas in San Diego Bay, California revealed significant differences among marinas, with concentrations in one site exceeding 16,000ngg. 'Hotspots' of PAH concentration suggest an association with stormwater outfalls draining into the basins. High-molecular weight PAHs (4-6 rings) were dominant (>86%); the average percentage of potentially carcinogenic PAHs was high in all sites (61.4-70%) but ecotoxicological risks varied among marinas. Highly toxic benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) was the main contributor (>90%) to the total toxic equivalent quantity (TEQ) in marinas. PAHs in San Diego Bay marina sediments appear to be derived largely from pyrogenic sources, potentially from combustion products that reach the basins by aerial deposition and stormwater drainage from nearby streets and parking lots.

show abstract

“…Moreover, the proportion of unmetabolized NPH in the liver dropped substantially during this time. The Km value for NPH (300 ,uM) is considerably higher than that for BaP (2.1 ,uM) for fish liver microsomes (18), indicating that NPH is a relatively poor substrate for hepatic monooxygenases. Thus, the decrease in tissue concentrations of NPH-derived radioactivity was most probably due to facile excretion of the parent compound via skin and gills (19,20).…”

Section: Uptake and Disposition Of Sediment-associated Ahs And Pcbs Imentioning

confidence: 87%

Chemical carcinogenesis in feral fish: uptake, activation, and detoxication of organic xenobiotics.

Varanasi¹,

Stein²,

Nishimoto³

et al. 1987

Environ Health Perspect

128

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The high prevalence of liver neoplasms in English sole (Parophrys vetulus) and substantially lower prevalence of neoplasms in a closely related species, starry flounder (Platichthys stellatus) captured from industrialized waterways, provide a unique opportunity to compare biochemical processes involved in chemical carcinogenesis in feral fish species. Because levels of aromatic hydrocarbons (AHs) in urban sediments are correlated with prevalences of liver neoplasms in English sole, we have initiated detailed studies to evaluate the effects of endogenous and exogenous factors on uptake, activation and detoxication of carcinogenic AHs, such as benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), using spectroscopic, chromatographic, and radiometric techniques. The results obtained thus far show that sole readily takes up AHs associated with sediment from urban areas and that the presence of other xenobiotics, such as PCBs, in sediment increases tissue concentrations of BaP metabolites. Extensive metabolism of BaP occurred whether sole was exposed to this AH via sediment, per os, or intraperitoneally. Substantial modification of hepatic DNA occurred and persisted for a period of 2-4 weeks after a single exposure to BaP. The level of covalent binding of BaP intermediates to hepatic DNA was 10-fold higher in juvenile than adult sole and 90-fold higher in juvenile sole than in Sprague-Dawley rat, a species which is resistant to BaP-induced hepatocarcinogenesis. The level of chemical modification of hepatic DNA in juvenile flounder was 2-4 fold lower than that for juvenile sole and concentration of BaP 7,8-diol glucuronide in bile of sole was significantly higher than that in flounder bile, although the rate of formation of BaP 7,8-diol by hepatic microsomes was comparable for both species. Moreover, liver microsomes from both species, in the presence of exogenous DNA, metabolized BaP into essentially a single adduct, identified as (+)anti-7,8-diol-9,10-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydroBaP-dG. These results, along with our findings that hepatic GST activity in flounder was two times higher than in sole, demonstrate that microsomal metabolism of BaP does not accurately reflect the differences in the ability of these fish to form BaP-DNA adducts in vivo and also suggest that detoxication of reactive intermediates is an important factor in determining the levels of DNA modification by AHs and resulting toxic effects in feral fish.

show abstract

Mono-oxygenase activities of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) liver microsomes using three polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon substrates

Cited by 32 publications

References 26 publications

Reduction in bioavailability to bluegills of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons bound to dissolved humic material

Reduction in bioavailability to bluegills of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons bound to dissolved humic material

Occurrence and distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments of San Diego Bay marinas

Chemical carcinogenesis in feral fish: uptake, activation, and detoxication of organic xenobiotics.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About