Monkeys and Gibbons

Cardiorespiratory effects of epidural anesthesia using lidocaine with morphine or dexmedetomidine in capuchin monkeys (Sapajus sp.) undergoing bilateral tubal ligation surgery, anesthetized with isoflurane

“…The inhalational anesthetic of choice in this investigation was isoflurane, which is indicated for anesthetic induction and maintenance in primates administered through a facial mask or endotracheal tube. 35 This drug has been widely described as a safe and effective agent for capuchin monkeys, because it does not produce changes in the heart rhythm or sensitize the myocardium to the action of catecholamine. 19,36 The HR decrease observed in the DEX group has also been described by Campagnol et al 11 and Mombachi 37 after administration of 1.5-6 μg/kg and 0.05 μg/kg DEX, respectively, via epidural, in dogs.…”

Comparison of three reversible injectable chemical restraint protocols in Spix´s Owl monkeys (Aotus vociferans) using ketamine, xylazine and midazolam

“…Each animal was captured by experienced personnel, inside their enclosures, using a hoop with net and pole. 1,7 Monkeys were weighed using an electronic scale and then grasped behind the head so that one hindlimb was exposed to allow injection.…”

“…16 Therefore, chemical restraint protocols including drugs that can be totally or partially antagonized are preferred. 7,12,16 Anaesthetic drug combinations reported in New World include a cyclohexylamine (eg ketamine and tiletamine) associated with either a benzodiazepine (eg. midazolam and zolazepam) or an α2 adrenergic agonist (eg, medetomidine and xylazine).…”

“…midazolam and zolazepam) or an α2 adrenergic agonist (eg, medetomidine and xylazine). 7,13,[17][18][19] However, the use of the three kinds of drugs in conjunction has not been reported. The reversal of a chemical restraint protocol represents an advantageous characteristic because it allows to reduce the time of immobilization and diminish the risks of negative effects produced by anaesthetic drugs.…”

“…Moreover, just a few studies have provided detailed descriptions of the physiological and anaesthetic effects observed. 7,11 Hence, the purpose of this study was to assess and compare the physiological and clinical effects of three reversible injectable chemical restraint protocols in captive A vociferans.…”