Monkeypox: From Past to Present Outbreak

Abstract

Monkey pox is one of the most rare disease caused by the infection of monkey pox virus; the source of disease still remained unknown. It was discovered in 1958 where there is an outbreak in small-pox like disease. At that time monkey were kept to further analyze. In 1970, the first instance of monkeypox in a human was noted. Monkeypox cases have now been documented in a number of other central and western African nations. Prior to the 2022 outbreak, almost all cases of monkeypox in people outside of Africa were connected to either imported animals or foreign travel to nations where the illness frequently occurs. There are various symptoms that could be diagnosed as the monkey pox. The most common ones are the rash which is identical to pimples of blisters that appear on our face regularly. However, it may spread towards other part of our body including the hands, feet, chest, genitals, or anus. The monkey pox rash has different stages starting from the ones identical to pimples to the burned out. This illness typically last between 2-4 weeks. SInce the monkey pox disease is not as common, researchers is still currently work on discovering the root cause. In the present, there is still not enough resources available.

Analysis on Human Monkeypox 2022

“…The first case diagnosed outside of Africa occurred in the United States in 2003, when more than 70 people were confirmed to have MPV infection. All the patients in these cases were close to or handled MPXV-infected prairie dogs, with no interhuman cases documented [16]. It is credible that the origin of the outbreak in 2003 was from a shipment of mammals from Ghana, located in western Africa.…”

Comprehensive Epitope Prediction, Molecular Docking, and In Silico Vaccine Construction Targeting Monkeypox Virus

“…Outside of Africa, Additionally, the monkeypox virus has linked to isolated outbreaks and human cases [11] Furthermore, there have been reports of human MPX instances and rare clusters. The midwestern United States reported the first MPX outbreak involving humans outside of Africa in 2003 resulting in more than 50 cases [12]. On October 4th, 2018, a Nigerian traveling to Israel reported Monkeypox [13].…”

“…It interacts with and maintains a constantly released or cell surface-produced protein necessary for the immunological response in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). COP-A44L regulates the immune response by inhibiting the immune system, increasing steroid production, and diminishing virulence [12]. It is vitally necessary to develop therapeutic approaches to combat new monkeypox strains.…”