Monkey pulp reactions to restorative materials

Abstract

— Deep buccal cavities in 99 teeth in eight young monkeys were filled with the following combination of materials: a light‐cured microfilled composite with or without a base, a chemically cured composite with a base, a silicate cement, and a zinc oxide‐eugenol cement. The acid etch technique and intermediate layer of resin was used in the composite group. Pulp reactions and presence and location of bacteria were studied after 8 days and after 90 days. In the short observation period the inflammatory reactions were more pronounced when unlined composite fillings were evaluated compared with silicate cement fillings and with lined fillings. Bacteria were seen in all unilined cavities and a significant association between presence of bacteria and moderate to severe inflammatory responses was found. The most severe inflammatory reactions were seen when bacteria were found in the dentinal tubules. After 90 days slight inflammatory changes prevailed in all groups. A significant correlation between bacteria and inflammatory reactions could still be observed.

Monkey pulp reactions to cavities treated with Gluma Dentin Bond and restored with a microfilled composite

“…The most pronounced inflammatory reactions were seen when bacteria were found in the dentinal tubules, in agreement with previous findings (16). Unacceptable inflammatory reactions were especially seen in Group One where neither Procal nor Gluma Dentin Bond was used.…”

“…Prior to the operative procedures the teeth were polished with pumice and rinsed with airwater spray. Deep buccal class V cavities were cut in 72 incisors and canines using an inverted earbide bur in an airturbine with water spray (16). Tbe cavities were beveled with a small round diamond bur in a conventional speed bandpiece.…”

“…Inflammatory reactions were evaluated according to criteria previously used (16) and scored as: O-l degrees: sligbt (acceptable); 2 degrees: moderate (unacceptable), and 3 degrees: severe (unacceptable).…”

“…Bacteria -At least 12 slides from each specimen were stained for bacteria and evaluated according to (16): -: no bacteria in any of the slides studied; +: bacteria on the dentinal wall; and -1-+ : bacteria in tbe dentinal tubtiles.…”

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“…In humans, pulp exposures in cavities cleaned with Tubulicid® and restored with unlined composite resin overlayed with zinc oxide-eugenol remained vital and showed no signs of inflammation (42). Of the commonly used restorative materials, zinc oxide-eugenol cements have been consistently proven to prevent bacterial microleakage (43,44). An in vitro study indicates that glass ionomer cements exhibit antibacterial properties (45), although an animal study found that different proprietary products exhibited great variation in their ability to prevent bacterial penetration, with only one commercial product approaching the effectiveness of zinc oxide-eugenol (46).…”