Monitoring vegetative treatment system performance for open beef feedlot runoff control

Khanijo, Ishadeep

doi:10.31274/rtd-180813-16569

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The data collected included daily high and low temperatures, daily precipitation, effluent volumes released from each component of the VTS, and the nutrient concentrations of the effluent. Complete descriptions of the monitoring methodologies can be found in Moody et al (2006), Khanijo (2007), and Andersen et al (2009). Temperature measurements were collected on an hourly basis using Hobo temperature loggers (Onset Computer Corp., Bourne, Mass.).…”

Section: Monitoring Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of the Soil-Plant-Air-Water Model to Predict Hydraulic Performance of Vegetative Treatment Areas Controlling Open Lot Runoff

Andersen¹,

Burns²,

Moody³

et al. 2010

Transactions of the ASABE

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Alternative treatment systems to control runoff from open beef feedlots may enhance environmental security and protect water quality. Several Midwestern states have issued National Pollution Discharge Elimination System permits allowing beef feedlots to use vegetative treatment systems (VTSs) to control and treat feedlot runoff. Monitoring VTSs has provided data to validate performance modeling strategies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ability of the Soil-Plant-Air-Water (SPAW) model to predict the hydraulic performance of vegetative treatment areas (VTAs). Two approaches, one using the field module and the other the pond module of the SPAW model, were investigated. The model results from the SPAW field and pond modules were compared to monitored performance data from five VTAs in Iowa. Modeling statistics were calculated to evaluate SPAW's ability to predict VTA hydraulic performance. Based on the 18 site-years of data collected, the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), percent bias (BIAS), and ratio of the root mean square error to the standard deviation (RSR) were 0.95, 8%, and 0.22, respectively, on an annual basis. The NSE, BIAS, and RSR for the field module were 0.32, 32%, and 0.83, respectively. The results showed that the SPAW model could be used successfully to predict the hydraulic performance of VTAs, with the pond module being more successful than the field module.

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Section: Monitoring Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of the Soil-Plant-Air-Water Model to Predict Hydraulic Performance of Vegetative Treatment Areas Controlling Open Lot Runoff

Andersen¹,

Burns²,

Moody³

et al. 2010

Transactions of the ASABE

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“…Table 1 summarizes the number of cattle and VTA areas for each site and Figure 2 shows the approximate locations of each site. For a detailed description of each site, surface runoff concentrations, and monitoring equipment, refer to Andersen et al (2009), Moody et al (2006), and Khanijo (2008) (Andersen et al, 2009). Since the P application rate was greater than the P uptake by the vegetation, there was a concern about phosphorus concentrations increasing in the soil profile.…”

Section: Site Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Phosphorus Sorption Isotherms to Project Vegetative Treatment Life Expectancy

Baker¹,

Andersen²,

Burns³

et al. 2010

2010 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, June 20 - June 23, 2010

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Beef feedlots of all sizes are looking for cost-effective solutions to manage feedlot runoff. Vegetative treatment systems (VTSs) have been proposed as a potential option. A vegetative treatment system consists of a solid settling structure followed by additional treatment components, vegetative infiltration basins (VIBs) and vegetative treatment areas (VTAs), which use soil and vegetation to treat and utilize nutrients in the applied runoff. Investigations have shown that VTSs can provide a cost effective means of treating and controlling open feedlot runoff; however, sustainability and life expectancy of these systems have not yet been determined. This study investigated, based on the vegetative treatment area's ability to absorb and utilize phosphorus, the expected life of four VTSs on beef feedlots in Iowa. For this study, VTA life was defined as the amount of time it took for the top 0.3 meters of the soil profile to become saturated with phosphorus. Soil phosphorus sorption capacity, phosphorus loading rate, and initial soil phosphorus concentration had the largest impacts on VTA life. The impact of phosphorus removal through vegetation growth and harvest varied with the area of the VTA, with larger treatment areas having a larger increase in life than smaller vegetative treatment areas. Expected phosphorus sink life for the top 0.3 m of the soil for the four monitored vegetative treatment areas was calculated to range from 4.5 to 13 years.

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“…However, the sustainability and life expectancy of these systems has not been evaluated. Previous research (Khanijo, 2008;Zhang et al, 2009;Andersen et al, 2011) has suggested that P application rates often exceed the P uptake by the vegetation. This could cause P to build up in the soil, increasing the possibility of P leaching and reduced treatment in the VTS.…”

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confidence: 95%

The Use of Phosphorus Sorption Isotherms to Project Vegetative Treatment Area Life

2013

Trans. ASABE

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Beef feedlots of all sizes are looking for cost-effective solutions to manage feedlot runoff. Vegetative treatment systems (VTSs) are a potential option. VTSs consist of a solids settling structure followed by additional treatment components, such as vegetative infiltration basins (VIBs) and/or vegetative treatment areas (VTAs) that use soil and vegetation to treat nutrients in the applied runoff. Investigations have shown that VTSs can provide a cost-effective means of controlling feedlot runoff; however, their sustainability and life expectancy have not yet been determined. Thus, the objective of this work is to evaluate, based on the VTAâ€™s ability to sorb and utilize phosphorus, the expected phosphorus sink life of VTSs on beef feedlots in Iowa. In doing so, we evaluated three things: (1) phosphorus removal with vegetation harvest, (2) the extent of vertical redistribution of phosphorus in the soil profile, and (3) if a mass balance approach was capable of predicting changes in soil test phosphorus. Vegetation harvest removed 6% to 16% of the applied phosphorus, and a P mass balance did an adequate job of predicting the significant increases in soil P test concentrations. Deep soil cores (1.2 m) showed that phosphorus accumulation tended to be limited to the top 0.3 m but that vertical migration was increasing. Based on this success, we proposed a P mass balance and soil sorption model to project VTA life expectancy and evaluated the sensitivity of the estimated life to different design and management alternatives. The sensitivity analysis showed that phosphorus sorption capacity and loading rate were important, but the critical depth of the soil that can be saturated has the largest impact on VTA life.

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Monitoring vegetative treatment system performance for open beef feedlot runoff control

Cited by 6 publications

References 18 publications

Use of the Soil-Plant-Air-Water Model to Predict Hydraulic Performance of Vegetative Treatment Areas Controlling Open Lot Runoff

Use of the Soil-Plant-Air-Water Model to Predict Hydraulic Performance of Vegetative Treatment Areas Controlling Open Lot Runoff

The Use of Phosphorus Sorption Isotherms to Project Vegetative Treatment Life Expectancy

The Use of Phosphorus Sorption Isotherms to Project Vegetative Treatment Area Life

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