Land use and cover Changes, Climate change, remote sensing GIS.The present paper discusses the phenomena of land use and land cover (LULC) which has undergone constant changes over the past few decades due to major variations in the environment caused by anthropogenic and natural factors. A comprehensive review of the studies has done so far in which a decreasing pattern in land use land coverage has been identified. It has also been observed that land use affects land cover and vice versa.
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Introduction:-Land Use/Land Cover:-Land is defined as a place on which all human activity is being conducted. Use of land resources by the people gives rise to -land use" which varies with the purposes it serves, whether they be food production, provision of shelter, recreation, extraction and processing of materials, and the bio-physical characteristics of land itself. Hence, land use is being shaped under the influence of two broad sets of forces -human needs and environmental features and processes. The terms land use and land cover are not synonymous and the literature draws attention to their use and land cover change. Land cover is the biophysical state of the earth's surface differences so that they are used properly in studies of land and immediate subsurface (Turner et al. 1995). It describes the physical state of the land surface; e.g., cropland, mountains or forests in Moser, 1996. Land cover deals with the quantity and type of surface vegetation, water, and earth materials (Meyer and Turner, 1994). i.e man-made constructions (buildings etc), the type of material used in housing structure (Parveen, 2017). The term land cover originally referred to the type of vegetation that covered the land surface, but has broadened subsequently to include other aspects of the physical environment also, such as soils, biodiversity and surfaces and groundwater (Moser, 1996). In the disaster prone areas of landslides, the destruction of forests and the vegetative cover that binds the top soil at an increasing pace and the conversion of forest land into agricultural and horticultural holdings (Khan et al., 2017) brings changes in land use and land cover.