Monitoring time interval for pQCT-derived bone outcomes in postmenopausal women

Abstract

MTI for longitudinal studies in older postmenopausal women should be at least 2-6 years at the radius and tibia, with specific monitoring of the total and trabecular area, total density, and bone strength at the radius and total and trabecular density, total area, and bone strength at the tibia.

Bone strength and muscle properties in postmenopausal women with and without a recent distal radius fracture

“…Despite a 4.3% lower CoD at the radius shaft in the fracture group, the estimated torsional bone strength or other cortical bone properties did not differ at the tibia or radius shafts. Lower cortical density at the radius shaft in the fracture group may reflect greater overall cortical porosity; however, this interpretation warrants caution since the observed CoD difference did not exceed the least significant change (4.6%) reported for CoD at the radius shaft in postmenopausal women [31] and may reflect measurement error [31,37]. To our knowledge, there are no previous studies that have examined differences in muscle density comparing postmenopausal women with a recent DRF to those without.…”

“…Muscle density (mg/cm 3 ) and area (mm 2 ) were measured at the forearm and lower leg shaft sites as indicators of muscle quality and cross-sectional area [34]. Precision errors in our lab across reported bone parameters ranged from 1.7 to 6.1 % at the radius sites and 0.7 to 2.1 % at the tibia sites in postmenopausal women [31]. Our lab precision for muscle area and density at the forearm and lower leg in postmenopausal women ranged between 1.2 and 3.7 % [34].…”

“…A scout scan was obtained over the joint line with the reference line positioned at the medial tip of the distal endplate of both the radius and the tibia [31]. Cross-sectional slices were obtained at 4 and 65 % of the radius length and at 4 and 66 % of the tibia length, proximal from the reference line.…”

“…A single operator scanned the non-fractured or nondominant forearm, as determined by the Waterloo Handedness questionnaire [19], and left lower leg at the distal and shaft sites using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) (Stratec XCT2000) with our standard data acquisition protocols and a voxel size of 0.4×0.4×2.4 mm [31]. A scout scan was obtained over the joint line with the reference line positioned at the medial tip of the distal endplate of both the radius and the tibia [31].…”

A longitudinal study of bone area, content, density, and strength development at the radius and tibia in children 4–12 years of age exposed to recreational gymnastics

“…A total of five distal radius, seven radial shaft, and three tibia scans were removed from the analysis due to movement artifacts. Short-term precision (CV % root means square) for repeated bone and muscle measures have been reported previously from our group [23] and range from 1.8 to 6.3 % at the radius and tibia. Participants were also asked if a fracture had occurred in the previous 12 months.…”