Monitoring the profile of cervical cancer in a developing city

Abstract

BackgroundMedical records are frequently consulted to verify whether the treatment and guiding principles were correct. Determine incidence and mortality trends of in situ and invasive neoplasms of the uterine cervix, in the period 1988–2004 in Goiânia, Brazil.MethodsThe incident cases were identified through the Population-Based Cancer Registry of Goiânia. Population data were collected from census data of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. For mortality analysis, data were extracted from the Mortality Information System. The Poisson Regression was utilized to determine the annual incidence and mortality rates.ResultsA total of 4446 cases of in situ and invasive neoplasms of the uterine cervix were identified. No significant reductions were verified in invasive cervical cancer rates (p = 0.386) during the study period, while in situ carcinomas presented an annual increasing trend of 13.08% (p < 0.001). A decreasing trend was observed for mortality (3.02%, p = 0.017).ConclusionNo reduction was observed for the incidence of invasive cancer of the uterine cervix; however, increasing trends were verified for in situ lesions with a consequent reduction in mortality rates. These increasing trends may be the result of recently-implemented screening programs or due to improvements in the notification system.

Decline of mortality from cervical cancer

“…National and international research shows a decrease in mortality rates following the implementation of the screening program, nevertheless the positive effects of the program were not seen in elderly women (28)(29) .…”

Cervical Cancer Treatment Delays and Associated Factors in a Cohort of Women From a Developing Country

“…Studies have been published 42 - 44 linking delays between diagnosis and the start of radiotherapy with adverse effects on cervical cancer treatment outcome. 4 Since 1993, developed countries have issued recommendations for good practice establishing that waiting times for radiotherapy initiation should not exceed 14 days, with a maximum acceptable delay of 28 days. 42 - 44 In our sample, the median time from diagnosis to treatment initiation presented no significant variation according to the type of first treatment (surgery or radiation), whereas the prevalence of treatment delay was greater than 80% in the surgery/radiation group.…”

Epidemiologia do câncer cervical no Brasil: uma revisão integrativa

“…Em Goiânia, capital do estado de Goiás, a neoplasia invasiva teve uma redução de 34,01 casos por cem mil mulheres em 1988 para 18,36 casos por cem mil mulheres em 2004. 11 No município de Barretos, interior do estado de São Paulo, em um estudo realizado no período de 2000 a 2015 foi verificado que houve uma redução de 10,67 para 8,87 casos por cem mil mulheres. 12 Em Aracaju, principal cidade de Sergipe, um estudo demonstrou, tendência decrescente de câncer cervical invasivo, de 1996 a 2008, cursando com retrocesso e voltando a elevar até 2012 e seguindo novamente em tendência de decréscimo a partir de então até 2015.…”

“…13 Em Goiânia, cidade localizada no Centro-Oeste brasileiro, um estudo evidenciou aumento da incidência de neoplasia cervical in situ de 5,83 casos por cem mil mulheres no ano de 1988 para 47,35 casos por cem mil em 2004. 11 Uma pesquisa realizada no período de 2001 a 2012, nas cidades de Campinas e Curitiba, localizadas respectivamente nas regiões Sudeste e Sul do Brasil, ambas cidades brasileiras com IDH classificados como muito alto, demonstrou que a estimativa de incidência bruta de câncer cervical variou de 3,9 a 8,0 por cem mil mulheres, tendo nos últimos anos uma tendência decrescente e lenta. 14 Este mesmo estudo identificou também uma tendência anual de queda da taxa de incidência do câncer cervical em mulheres de 45 até 64 anos entre os anos de 2001 a 2012, tendo decréscimo de 45% em Campinas e 55% em Curitiba.…”