Monitoring the prevalence of genetically modified maize in commercial animal feeds and food products in Turkey

Abstract

Current legislation has restricted the penetration of GM maize into the Turkish food industry but not eliminated it, and the proliferation of different GM events is making monitoring increasingly complex. Our results indicate that labelling requirements are not being followed in some cases. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry.

Social representations of genetically modified foods and public willingness to consume such foods in Taiwan

“…Chinese consumers typically distrust GM technology; therefore, their attitudes toward GM foods are generally negative . An increasing number of a new GM events are in the approval process or already being marketed, the proliferation of various GM events is making monitoring increasingly complex …”

“…28 An increasing number of a new GM events are in the approval process or already being marketed, the proliferation of various GM events is making monitoring increasingly complex. 29 Social representation theory (SRT) explains how individuals and the society of which they are part process and construct shared meaning and how people share constructed meanings as symbolic bases for decision making. 30 Social representation theory has contributed substantially to the analysis of people's understanding of various technological risks and objects, including those inherent in biotechnology.…”

Measurement of genetically modified (GM) genes in different corn products

“…Cross pollination may lead to transfer of transgenes and this may cause the loss of flora and fauna biodiversity [3,4,5]. Specially, corn has the greatest diversity of approved GM events globally (a total of 130 varieties approved in one or more countries), and is one of the most widely used food and feed ingredients, highly integrated into food and feed supply chains [6,7].…”

Multiplex PCR assays for qualitative detection and identification of the GT73, Ms8, Rf3 and T45 varieties of genetically modified oilseed rape

“…They target a unique site comprising a junction between the transgenic insert and the host genome (Holst-Jensen et al, 2003;Yang et al, 2006;Marmiroli et al, 2008;Dörries et al, 2010). Different varieties of polymerase chain reactions are commonly used for monitoring of GMOs in foods and animal feeds (Shin et al, 2013;Kim et al, 2014;Meriç et al, 2014;Datukishvili et al, 2015;Turkec et al, 2016). Nowadays real-time PCR (qPCR) has become a gold standard in the routine analysis of GMOs, allowing very sensitive detection and especially quantification of GMOs in test samples (Dörries et al, 2010;Elsanhoty et al, 2013;Özgen Arun et al, 2013, Zdjelar et al, 2013Fernandes et al, 2014;Kim et al, 2014;SantaMaria et al, 2014;Turkec et al, 2016).…”

“…Different varieties of polymerase chain reactions are commonly used for monitoring of GMOs in foods and animal feeds (Shin et al, 2013;Kim et al, 2014;Meriç et al, 2014;Datukishvili et al, 2015;Turkec et al, 2016). Nowadays real-time PCR (qPCR) has become a gold standard in the routine analysis of GMOs, allowing very sensitive detection and especially quantification of GMOs in test samples (Dörries et al, 2010;Elsanhoty et al, 2013;Özgen Arun et al, 2013, Zdjelar et al, 2013Fernandes et al, 2014;Kim et al, 2014;SantaMaria et al, 2014;Turkec et al, 2016). However, to quantify GMO content using qPCR, it is necessary to plot standard curves for both the reference gene and transgen, using serial dilutions of DNA extracted from the reference material, which is time-consuming.…”