Monitoring the epidemic of West Nile virus in equids in Spain, 2020–2021

Gonzálvez, Moisés; Franco, Juan José; Barbero-Moyano, Jesús; Caballero‐Gómez, Javier; Ruano, Marı́a José; Martínez, R.; Cano‐Terriza, David; García‐Bocanegra, Ignacio

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.105975

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 21 publications

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“…In the last decades, WNV has expanded geographically and become endemic in many countries, causing an increase in the number of West Nile neuroinvasive disease (WNND) cases [3]. Although three vaccines are available for horses [4], their coverage is insufficient and outbreaks remain a regular occurrence [5,6]. Specific antiviral drugs are not available and existing treatments are merely supportive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An equine iPSC-based phenotypic screening platform identifies pro- and anti-viral molecules against West Nile virus

Cochet,

Piumi,

Gorna

et al. 2024

Vet Res

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Outbreaks of West Nile virus (WNV) occur periodically, affecting both human and equine populations. There are no vaccines for humans, and those commercialised for horses do not have sufficient coverage. Specific antiviral treatments do not exist. Many drug discovery studies have been conducted, but since rodent or primate cell lines are normally used, results cannot always be transposed to horses. There is thus a need to develop relevant equine cellular models. Here, we used induced pluripotent stem cells to develop a new in vitro model of WNV-infected equine brain cells suitable for microplate assay, and assessed the cytotoxicity and antiviral activity of forty-one chemical compounds. We found that one nucleoside analog, 2′C-methylcytidine, blocked WNV infection in equine brain cells, whereas other compounds were either toxic or ineffective, despite some displaying anti-viral activity in human cell lines. We also revealed an unexpected proviral effect of statins in WNV-infected equine brain cells. Our results thus identify a potential lead for future drug development and underscore the importance of using a tissue- and species-relevant cellular model for assessing the activity of antiviral compounds.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An equine iPSC-based phenotypic screening platform identifies pro- and anti-viral molecules against West Nile virus

Cochet,

Piumi,

Gorna

et al. 2024

Vet Res

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SpatMCDA: An R package for assessing areas at risk of infectious diseases based on spatial multi‐criteria decision analysis

Wang,

Zeng,

Gao

et al. 2024

Methods Ecol Evol

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Effective visualization of infectious disease risks is crucial for the development of efficient prevention and control strategies. However, the efficacy of mainstream models is hindered by a scarcity of reliable data in target areas, a situation that is particularly acute when dealing with emerging or re‐emerging infectious diseases. Additionally, these models typically fail to integrate local disease‐related risk factors in line with the ‘One Health’ concept, resulting in inaccurate predictions. Consequently, accurately assessing infectious disease risks without reliable data is challenging. This study introduces SpatMCDA, an innovative R package designed to assess infectious disease risk areas through spatial multi‐criteria decision analysis (MCDA). SpatMCDA is structured around six core modelling steps: standardizing risk factors, determining factor weights, constructing risk maps, performing One‐at‐a‐Time sensitivity analysis, calculating the Mean of Absolute Change Rates and conducting an uncertainty analysis. By examining the case of West Nile virus (WNV) in China, this study illustrates how SpatMCDA can be useful in identifying disease transmission risks in the absence of reliable outbreak data. The assessment identified areas at risk for WNV in northwestern, eastern and southern China. By integrating spatial and epidemiological data, SpatMCDA enhances infectious diseases risk assessment in situations where data are limited. Its efficiency in using available data for accurate risk mapping and adaptability in weighting various risk factors enables tailored analyses. This tool enhances public health strategies, contributing to global health security.

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An equine iPSC-based phenotypic screening platform identifies pro- and anti-viral molecules against West Nile virus

Cochet,

Piumi,

Gorna

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Outbreaks of West Nile virus (WNV) occur periodically, affecting both human and equine populations. There are no vaccines for humans, and those commercialised for horses do not have sufficient coverage. Specific antiviral treatments do not exist. Many drug discovery studies have been conducted, but since rodent or primate cell lines are normally used, results cannot always be transposed to horses. There is thus a need to develop relevant equine cellular models. Here, we used induced pluripotent stem cells to develop a new in vitro model of WNV-infected equine brain cells suitable for microplate assay, and assessed the cytotoxicity and antiviral activity of forty-one chemical compounds. We found that one nucleoside analog, 2’C-methylcytidine, blocked WNV infection in equine brain cells, whereas other compounds were either toxic or ineffective, despite some displaying anti-viral activity in human cell lines. We also revealed an unexpected proviral effect of statins in WNV-infected equine brain cells. Our results thus identify a potential lead for future drug development and underscore the importance of using a tissue and species relevant cellular model for assessing the activity of antiviral compounds.

show abstract

Monitoring the epidemic of West Nile virus in equids in Spain, 2020–2021

Cited by 3 publications

References 21 publications

An equine iPSC-based phenotypic screening platform identifies pro- and anti-viral molecules against West Nile virus

An equine iPSC-based phenotypic screening platform identifies pro- and anti-viral molecules against West Nile virus

SpatMCDA: An R package for assessing areas at risk of infectious diseases based on spatial multi‐criteria decision analysis

An equine iPSC-based phenotypic screening platform identifies pro- and anti-viral molecules against West Nile virus

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