Monitoring the clandestine synthesis of methamphetamine in real-time with ambient sampling, portable mass spectrometry

O'Leary, Adam E.; Hall, Seth E.; Vircks, Kyle E.; Mulligan, Christopher C.

doi:10.1039/c5ay00511f

Cited by 42 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…As previously reported [24,26,44], this system features a capillary-based atmospheric pressure inlet for coupling to ambient ionization methods, while providing analyte confirmation via MS/MS. Cartridge-based helium CID damping gas, syringe pump solvent delivery, and the high voltage supply needed for all investigated ionization sources are incorporated into the instrumental design.…”

Section: Portable Ms System and Bplug And Play^style Ionization Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reported applications demonstrate the utility of specific ambient MS techniques in this arena, allowing the direct analysis of utilized surface swabs [24], trace residues [41], bulk evidence [42], and highly complex sample matrices [26,43]. Furthermore, implementing automated spectral library searching and chemical identification on said systems can alleviate the need for field-based data interpretation, allowing the use by nontechnical operators [44].…”

Section: A Review Of the 2009 Census For Publicly Funded Forensicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Incorporation of tandem MS data in analyte identification even allows discernment from complex matrices [26,43]. Previous work towards establishing spectral congruence and selectivity compared blind portable MS/MS data to a widely accepted reference library, the 'Wiley Registry of Tandem Mass Spectral Data, MSforID', returning the correct identification for over 30 forensic analytes and evidentiary samples [44].…”

Section: Selectivity Of Analyte Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, the paper substrate employed in PSI-MS makes it naturally applicable to surface swabbing [26], and flexibility of positioning for DART-MS is convenient for rapid introduction of solid samples [42]. To maximize the utility of portable MS screening of forensic evidence, a centralized mounting/positioning system that allows rapid interchanging and operation of a suite of traditional and ambient ion sources (i.e., ESI, DESI, PSI, PCSI, and APCI) was developed and assessed in terms of utility and throughput; the mounting system and constructed ion sources are detailed in Supplementary Figure S-1.…”

Section: Throughput and Utility Of Bplug And Play^style Ionization Somentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ambient MS techniques [13,14], which increase sample throughput by forgoing extensive sample preparations, have shown proficiency in forensic chemical analysis [15][16][17], with recent reports involving the analysis of biofluids [18,19], explosives [20], adulterated foodstuffs [21], mind-altering plant-based evidence [22], and simultaneous molecular/elemental composition [23]. Specific techniques like desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) [24], direct analysis in real time (DART) [25], and paper spray ionization (PSI) [26,27] have shown utility in both trace and bulk drug evidence analysis, particularly in combatting the rise of Bdesigner drugs^evidence and accommodating associated paraphernalia [28].…”

Section: A Review Of the 2009 Census For Publicly Funded Forensicmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Analytical Validation of a Portable Mass Spectrometer Featuring Interchangeable, Ambient Ionization Sources for High Throughput Forensic Evidence Screening

Lawton

Traub

Fatigante

et al. 2016

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

Self Cite

103

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Abstract. Forensic evidentiary backlogs are indicative of the growing need for costeffective, high-throughput instrumental methods. One such emerging technology that shows high promise in meeting this demand while also allowing on-site forensic investigation is portable mass spectrometric (MS) instrumentation, particularly that which enables the coupling to ambient ionization techniques. While the benefits of rapid, on-site screening of contraband can be anticipated, the inherent legal implications of field-collected data necessitates that the analytical performance of technology employed be commensurate with accepted techniques. To this end, comprehensive analytical validation studies are required before broad incorporation by forensic practitioners can be considered, and are the focus of this work. Pertinent performance characteristics such as throughput, selectivity, accuracy/precision, method robustness, and ruggedness have been investigated. Reliability in the form of false positive/negative response rates is also assessed, examining the effect of variables such as user training and experience level. To provide flexibility toward broad chemical evidence analysis, a suite of rapidly-interchangeable ion sources has been developed and characterized through the analysis of common illicit chemicals and emerging threats like substituted phenethylamines.

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Section: Portable Ms System and Bplug And Play^style Ionization Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Review Of the 2009 Census For Publicly Funded Forensicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Selectivity Of Analyte Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Throughput and Utility Of Bplug And Play^style Ionization Somentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: A Review Of the 2009 Census For Publicly Funded Forensicmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Analytical Validation of a Portable Mass Spectrometer Featuring Interchangeable, Ambient Ionization Sources for High Throughput Forensic Evidence Screening

Lawton

Traub

Fatigante

et al. 2016

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

Self Cite

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Mass Spectrometry Applications in Forensic Science

Smith

Tran

2019

Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry

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Mass spectrometry (MS) is a technique widely used in forensic science for the identification of molecular or elemental composition of submitted evidence. Relatively small, volatile, nonpolar molecules, such as ignitable liquids and some drugs, can be analyzed with electron and chemical ionization (CI) coupled with single‐stage mass analyzers that provide molecular weight and structural information. Nonvolatile and polar molecules such as other drugs, poisons, and/or their metabolites can be identified using electrospray or related soft ionization techniques. The use of tandem MS with these compounds allows structure elucidation and provides excellent screening and quantitative results. Ambient ionization sources allow sampling directly from a surface with minimal sample preparation required. Elemental profiles also provide reliable methods for distinguishing between forensic samples. This article aims to provide an overview of the MS instrumentation, techniques, and applications within the field of forensic science.

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Assessment of atmospheric solids analysis probe as a tool for the rapid determination of drug purity

Mathias,

Burns,

Hambidge

et al. 2023

Drug Testing and Analysis

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The ability to determine the purity (% controlled compound) of drug‐of‐abuse samples is necessary for public health and law enforcement. Here, we describe the assessment of atmospheric solids analysis probe (ASAP) for the rapid determination of drug purity for a set of formulated pharmaceuticals, chosen due to their availability, uncontrolled status and consistency. Paracetamol and loratadine were used as models of high and low purity compounds being ~90% and ~10% active ingredient, respectively. Individual tablets were ground up and diluted in an internal standard solution. The resulting samples were analysed by ASAP coupled to a Waters QDa mass spectrometer followed by confirmatory testing by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). The inclusion of a non‐matched internal standard (quinine) improved linearity and repeatability of drug analysis by ASAP‐MS. Levels of drug purity using formulated pharmaceutical tablets were found to be highly comparable with results produced by the ‘gold standard’ LC–MS/MS technique. Rapid determination of drug purity is therefore possible with ASAP‐MS for highly concentrated samples with minimal sample preparation. It may be possible to use this deployable system to determine drug purity outside of a laboratory setting.

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Monitoring the clandestine synthesis of methamphetamine in real-time with ambient sampling, portable mass spectrometry

Abstract: In this paper, an ambient sampling, portable mass spectrometer coupled to a selection on ambient ionization methods was used to perform real-time reaction monitoring of clandestine methamphetamine syntheses.

Cited by 42 publications

References 42 publications

Analytical Validation of a Portable Mass Spectrometer Featuring Interchangeable, Ambient Ionization Sources for High Throughput Forensic Evidence Screening

Analytical Validation of a Portable Mass Spectrometer Featuring Interchangeable, Ambient Ionization Sources for High Throughput Forensic Evidence Screening

Mass Spectrometry Applications in Forensic Science

Assessment of atmospheric solids analysis probe as a tool for the rapid determination of drug purity

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