Monitoring the Bi/Fe ratio at different pH values in BiFeO3 nanoparticles derived by normal and reverse chemical co-precipitation: A comparative study on the purity, microstructure and magnetic properties

Control of multiferroic features in BiFeO3 nanoparticles by facile synthetic parameters

“…As a result, they managed to enhance the magnetic properties of BFO nanoparticles by reducing their particle size. Control of the particle size of BFO can be also achieved by changing the pH value of the composition, as reported elsewhere [23]. Additionally, the ionic substitution at Bi and Fe sites has been found to be an effective way to further increase the magnetic and ferroelectric properties of BFO nanoparticles, which is attributed to a particle size reduction and an increment of lattice distortion by enhancing dopants concentration [24].…”

Control of physical properties in BiFeO3 nanoparticles via Sm3+ and Co2+ ion doping

“…Additionally, the stretching vibrations of -NO 3 ions at around 1390 cm −1 and 845 cm −1 , mostly observed in the spectra of BFO and Sm-BFO NPs, disclose the presence of trapped nitrates [13]. Finally, the band observed at around 1630 cm −1 is attributed to -OH vibrations [15,22].…”

“…The thermal behaviour of the as-prepared, non-calcined, BFO, Sm-BFO and Co-BFO powders is investigated by differential thermal analysis (DTA) in the temperature range of 350 °C-850 °C, as presented in figure 1. The exothermic peaks located at 460 °C-490 °C are correspondent to the crystallization of both pure and doped BFO powders [13,15,16]. Indicatively, the crystallization temperature of BFO was found to be at 467 °C, whereas the respective temperature of Sm-BFO was slightly increased up to 482 °C.…”

“…7% is observed (figure S1(a)), which is attributed to the loss of absorbed water due to humidity, with two maxima of mass loss rate at 99 °C and 151 °C (figure S1(b)), and the decomposition of hydrates and nitrates, with a mass loss rate maximum at ca. 230 °C-280 °C (figure S1(b)) [13,15,21]. The second mass loss of ca.…”

Facile synthesis of pure BiFeO3 and Bi2Fe4O9 nanostructures with enhanced photocatalytic activity

“…It is worthy to note that synthesis of BiFeO 3 can be achieved by different chemical methods, such as the co-precipitation process [16], the molten-salt technique [17,18], the sol-gel route [19][20][21], self-combustion method [22], and the hydrothermal synthesis [23][24][25]. According to the phase diagram of Bi 2 O 3 -Fe 2 O 3 , the synthesis of a pure phase of BiFeO 3 is quite difficult and its formation kinetics can easily lead to the appearance of impurities like Bi 2 Fe 4 O 9 and Bi 25-FeO 40 [26][27][28][29][30].…”