Monitoring structures using long gauge length fibre optic sensors

Tennyson, R. C.; Banthia, N.; Rivera, Evangeline; Huffman, Sharlie; Sturrock, I

doi:10.1139/l06-155

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…Fiber Bragg Gratings can sense an environmental change in temperature and strain 15 . Strain measurements are proposed to detect an increase in hoop (circumferential) stress as the result of wall thinning due to corrosion in a pipeline 16 .…”

Section: Potential Nondestructive Evaluation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic thickness structural health monitoring photoelastic visualization and measurement accuracy for internal pipe corrosion

Eason

Bond

Lozev³

2015

SPIE Proceedings

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Oil refinery production of fuels is becoming more challenging as a result of the changing world supply of crude oil towards properties of higher density, higher sulfur concentration, and higher acidity. One such production challenge is an increased risk of naphthenic acid corrosion that can result in various surface degradation profiles of uniform corrosion, non-uniform corrosion, and localized pitting in piping systems at temperatures between 150°C and 400°C. The irregular internal surface topology and high external surface temperature leads to a challenging in-service monitoring application for accurate pipe wall thickness measurements. Improved measurement technology is needed to continuously profile the local minimum thickness points of a non-uniformly corroding surface. The measurement accuracy and precision must be sufficient to provide a better understanding of the integrity risk associated with refining crude oils of higher acid concentration. This paper discusses potential technologies for measuring localized internal corrosion in high temperature steel piping and describes the approach under investigation to apply flexible ultrasonic thinfilm piezoelectric transducer arrays fabricated by the sol-gel manufacturing process. Next, the elastic wave beam profile of a sol-gel transducer is characterized via photoelastic visualization. Finally, the variables that impact measurement accuracy and precision are discussed and a maximum likelihood statistical method is presented and demonstrated to quantify the measurement accuracy and precision of various time-of-flight thickness calculation methods in an ideal environment. The statistical method results in confidence values analogous to the a90 and a90/95terminology used in Probability-of-Detection (POD) assessments. RightsCopyright 2015 Society of Photo Optical Instrumentation Engineers. One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modification of the content of the paper are prohibited. ABSTRACTOil refinery production of fuels is becoming more challenging as a result of the changing world supply of crude oil towards properties of higher density, higher sulfur concentration, and higher acidity. One such production challenge is an increased risk of naphthenic acid corrosion that can result in various surface degradation profiles of uniform corrosion, non-uniform corrosion, and localized pitting in piping systems at temperatures between 150°C and 400°C. The irregular internal surface topology and high external surface temperature leads to a challenging in-service monitoring application for accurate pipe wall thickness measurements. Improved measurement technology is needed to continuously profile the local minimum thickness points of a non-uniformly corroding surface. The measurement accuracy and precision must be sufficient to provide a better understanding of the integrity risk associated with refining crude o...

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Section: Potential Nondestructive Evaluation Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic thickness structural health monitoring photoelastic visualization and measurement accuracy for internal pipe corrosion

Eason

Bond

Lozev³

2015

SPIE Proceedings

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“…The light will result in constructive interference only at certain expected positions. There is a general relation for the wavelength variation [28,29].…”

Section: Optical Endoscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Structural Health Monitoring Techniques in Pipeline and Wind Turbine Industries

Sharma

Singh

Gupta

et al. 2021

ASI

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There has been enormous growth in the energy sector in the new millennium, and it has enhanced energy demand, creating an exponential rise in the capital investment in the energy industry in the last few years. Regular monitoring of the health of industrial equipment is necessary, and thus, the concept of structural health monitoring (SHM) comes into play. In this paper, the purpose is to highlight the importance of SHM systems and various techniques primarily used in pipelining industries. There have been several advancements in SHM systems over the years such as Point OFS (optical fiber sensor) for Corrosion, Distributed OFS for physical and chemical sensing, etc. However, these advanced SHM technologies are at their nascent stages of development, and thus, there are several challenges that exist in the industries. The techniques based on acoustic, UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles), etc. bring in various challenges, as it becomes daunting to monitor the deformations from both sides by employing only one technique. In order to determine the damages well in advance, it is necessary that the sensor is positioned inside the pipes and gives the operators enough time to carry out the troubleshooting. However, the mentioned technologies have been unable to indicate the errors, and thus, there is the requirement for a newer technology to be developed. The purpose of this review manuscript is to enlighten the readers about the importance of structural health monitoring in pipeline and wind turbine industries.

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“…1 with B as the Bragg wavelength, as the thermal expansion, as the thermo-optic coefficient, as the change in temperature, e as the photo-elastic constant of the fiber core material, and as the longitudinal strain [13]. Monitoring strain in a structure can provide an early indicator for fatigue failure, but strain measurements are proposed to detect an increase in hoop (circumferential) stress as the result of wall thinning due to corrosion in a pipeline [14] as shown in Eq. 2 with t as the average wall thickness, r as the average pipe radius, P as the relative internal pressure, as the hoop stress, and E as Young's modulus.…”

Section: Opticalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural health monitoring of localized internal corrosion in high temperature piping for oil industry

Eason¹,

Bond²,

Lozev³

2015

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Crude oil is becoming more corrosive with higher sulfur concentration, chloride concentration, and acidity. The increasing presence of naphthenic acids in oils with various environmental conditions at temperatures between 150°C and 400°C can lead to different internal degradation morphologies in refineries that are uniform, non-uniform, or localized pitting. Improved corrosion measurement technology is needed to better quantify the integrity risk associated with refining crude oils of higher acid concentration. This paper first reports a consolidated review of corrosion inspection technology to establish the foundation for structural health monitoring of localized internal corrosion in high temperature piping. An approach under investigation is to employ flexible ultrasonic thin-film piezoelectric transducer arrays fabricated by the sol-gel manufacturing process for monitoring localized internal corrosion at temperatures up to 400°C. A statistical analysis of sol-gel transducer measurement accuracy using various time of flight thickness calculation algorithms on a flat calibration block is demonstrated.

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Monitoring structures using long gauge length fibre optic sensors

Cited by 8 publications

References 1 publication

Ultrasonic thickness structural health monitoring photoelastic visualization and measurement accuracy for internal pipe corrosion

Ultrasonic thickness structural health monitoring photoelastic visualization and measurement accuracy for internal pipe corrosion

Review of Structural Health Monitoring Techniques in Pipeline and Wind Turbine Industries

Structural health monitoring of localized internal corrosion in high temperature piping for oil industry

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