Monitoring oxidative stress in acute‐on‐chronic liver failure by advanced oxidation protein products

Abstract

Advanced oxidation protein products were suitable for monitoring the levels of oxidative stress in ACLF patients. Increased AOPP may serve as an important biological marker of worse outcome. In addition, PE therapy was effective in reducing AOPP.

Biomarkers of oxidation stress, inflammation, necrosis and apoptosis are associated with hepatitis B-related acute-on-chronic liver failure

“…This is consistent with Zhou et al's and our previously studies [5,6]. Oxidation stress seems to have an important role in the pathophysiology of ACLF [16].…”

“…Oxidation stress is considered to be one mechanism by which intrinsic pathways trigger apoptosis [17]. AOPP formed during oxidative stress may reflect the oxidative stress levels of ACLF patients and participate in monocyte and neutrophil activation, inducing respiratory bursts [5]. This may be lead to elevation of cytokines such as TNF-a, IL-6, interferon-␥ and other inflammatory cytokines to induce inflammatory, apoptosis and necrosis of many target cells.…”

“…AOPP appears as markers of the oxidative stress associated with ACLF as well as true inflammatory mediator able to amplify monocyte and neutrophil activation, including respiratory bursts [5]. Binding of AOPP with their receptors, such as RAGE, induce oxidative stress, and the release of cytokines and inflammation.…”

Post-translational oxidative modification of fibrinogen is associated with coagulopathy after traumatic injury

“…AOPP's become elevated in diseases where oxidative stress is acutely increased including; acute renal dysfunction, acute on chronic liver dysfunction, and in critical illness [25,26]. AOPP's are also increased in plasma exposed in vitro to HOCl and can be significantly elevated and associated with MPO and plasma NADPH oxidase concentration and activity in hemodialysis patients [27,28].…”

Plasma exchange for acute on chronic liver failure: is there a light at the end of the tunnel?

“…None of the currently available ALS devices, i.e., the molecular adsorbent recirculating system (MARS), single-pass albumin dialysis (SPAD) and Prometheus, were associated with a survival benefit in randomized controlled trials done in patients with ACLF [9]. However, data from uncontrolled series have suggested a beneficial role of plasma exchange in these patients because of the clearance of ammonia [10], inflammatory cytokines [11], markers of oxidative stress, i.e., advanced oxidation protein products [12], and amelioration of dysregulated immune systems [13,14]. In a Chinese study of patients with hepatitis B-related ACLF, it was seen that a decrease in the MELD score after treatment with artificial liver support pre-transplantation led to improved survival post-transplantation, which was comparable to that of patients who underwent emergency liver transplantation [15].…”