Monitoring of the energy performance of a district heating CHP plant based on biomass boiler and ORC generator

Organic Rankine cycle model for well-described and not-so-well-described working fluids

“…They considered four commonly existing working fluids and determined the choice of the "best" working fluid depended on the source temperature. Prando et al [3] experimentally and numerically studied an ORC biomass application for district heating CHP (combined heat and power) in Northeast Italy and showed this to be a technically and economically viable approach for increasing the use of renewable energy resources in the production of electric energy in these types of applications. Tchanche et al [4] discussed six different ORC architectures (basic, superheated, transcritical/supercritical, with IHX (internal heat exchanger), with reheating, and with integrated feedliquid heaters), five different heat resources (biomass, ocean, waste heat, geothermal, and solar), the types of applications for ORC machines, and characteristics of ORC machines, including listing some manufacturers, the sizes as measured by output power, and the types of working fluids.…”

Performance characteristics of a 200-kW organic Rankine cycle system in a steel processing plant

“…In this study, only the work of the working fluid pump was considered in the net power output. However, the other electricity self-consumption devices, such as other two pumps installed in the heat transfer loop and in the cooling tower and the cooling tower fan account considerable amount of electricity [37]. Therefore, the actual performances are lower than the calculated results.…”

District heating and cooling optimization and enhancement – Towards integration of renewables, storage and smart grid

“…It is also regarded as one of the most important approaches to reduce heat loss of the distribution network [93]. A reduction in supply temperature will also result in a higher efficiency for the boilers [94]. The same is true for DC with higher supply temperature.…”