Monitoring of gross alpha, gross beta and actinides activities in exhaust air released from the waste isolation pilot plant

Thakur, P.; Mulholland, G. P.

doi:10.1016/j.apradiso.2011.04.012

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…A large amount of radioactive materials was scattered throughout the environment (ocean, atmosphere, land, and so on) because of the accident that occurred on March 11, 2011 at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (F1-NPP) that was owned by Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings, Inc. (TEPCO). − Seven years have passed by since the accident, and research institutes around the world have been monitoring the influence of the environmental dynamics of radionuclides that have been released. − More specifically, there have been several environmental monitoring reports regarding β-ray-emitting nuclides, such as radioiodine and radiocesium, because multiple samples can be analyzed in a relatively short time using certain types of instruments such as a germanium semiconductor detector, a sodium iodide scintillator detector, and a lantern bromide scintillator detector. − Meanwhile, radiostrontium ( 90 Sr) (half-life: 28.79 y) is a pure β-ray-emitting nuclide that does not emit γ-rays, which makes it necessary to chemically isolate it for measuring β-rays because the β-ray spectra overlap. In particular, it is imperative to monitor 90 Sr over a long period because it will require several decades to decommission F1-NPP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination and Comparison of the Strontium-90 Concentrations in Topsoil of Fukushima Prefecture before and after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Accident

Konno

Takagai

2018

ACS Omega

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To precisely understand the status of scattered strontium-90 ( 90 Sr) after the 2011 accident at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (F1-NPP) of Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO), the measurement of the soil samples collected both before and after the day of the accident from the same sampling locations is necessary. However, very few reports have investigated the background contaminant data before the accident even though several studies have been conducted to investigate the effects of the F1-NPP accident. To address the lack of the passed 90 Sr information and reestablished baseline, this study focuses on the stored topsoil samples that are collected from the same sampling locations from the Fukushima Prefecture before and after the F1-NPP accident, which are analyzed for obtaining the 90 Sr concentrations. The results of our investigation exhibited that the 90 Sr concentrations in the Fukushima Prefecture soils ranged from 0.2 to 20.4 Bq/kg in the samples that were collected before the accident and from 1.37 to 80.8 Bq/kg in the samples that were collected after the accident from identical sampling locations. Further, the soil samples that were collected from 30 out of 56 locations displayed significant differences in terms of concentrations before and after the accident. In addition, the relations between the 90 Sr concentrations and the soil properties of the samples (organic content, pH, water content, and composition) were investigated, and it was found that the organic content and water content had a positive correlation with 90 Sr concentrations and, in contrast, the sandiness was shown to have a negative correlation with 90 Sr concentrations. The depth characteristics were also investigated. The aforementioned results indicate that this tendency would be observed even in the future.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination and Comparison of the Strontium-90 Concentrations in Topsoil of Fukushima Prefecture before and after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Accident

Konno

Takagai

2018

ACS Omega

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“…Many samples, such as airborne dust, drinking water, rainwater, seawater etc., are being analyzed due to this convenience. [13][14][15][16][17][18] Amongst them, regarding in particular the method for analyzing the total β radioactivity of seawater, 14 it is known that total β radioactivity can be measured with a comparatively simple operation via co-precipitating metallic elements. By using the cobalt sulfide co-precipitation method, 59 Fe, 60 Co, 65 Zn, 106 Ru, and the like, can be co-precipitated efficiently.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simple Radiometric Determination of Strontium-90 in Seawater Using Measurement of Yttrium-90 Decay Time Following IronBarium Co-precipitation

Konno

Takagai

2018

ANAL. SCI.

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A radiometric quantitative methodology of Sr in seawater was developed using a measurement of theY decay time following iron-barium co-precipitation. With calculations of its decay time, the radioactivity of Sr can be indirectly determined under conditional environmental samples. In addition, to avoid the interference of other radionuclide, the prepared samples were measured using a germanium semi-conductivity detector; then, the deposited radioactivity was subtracted from the actual measurement values of beta-ray counting. In this paper, the seawater samples were collected within 2 km around Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plants during the term from October 2011 to March 2012. This method showed good linearity between theSr concentration and the total beta counting following the proposed method, with a correlation coefficient of 0.99 in seawater sample analysis. No interference that was caused by other radionuclides, such as radioactive cesium, was not observed in the quantification of Sr. The whole process requires 12 h to quantifySr; this time is 1/40 shorter than traditional milking-low background gas-flow counting method. The lower limit of detection (average value n = 60) of the Sr radioactivity was shown to be 0.03 Bq/L (uncertainty 4.2%).

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“…Esta correlación pone de manifiesto que el origen de α total y β total es el mismo, y no existe ninguna evidencia que sugiera la presencia de una fuente antropogénica en la actividad de alfa y beta. Otros estudios observan correlaciones similares, variando entre 0,72 y 0,88 (Hernandez, Karlsson, & Hernandez-Armas, 2007), (Hernández, Hernández-Armas, Catalán, Fernández-Aldecoa, & Karlsson, 2005) y (Thakur & Mulholland, 2011).…”

Section: Resultados Similares Deunclassified

“…Además, algunos radionucleidos se emplean como trazadores atmosféricos (por ejemplo, 7 Be y 210 Pb), para poder estudiar el comportamiento de las masas de aire, el tiempo de residencia de los aerosoles en el aire y otras características atmosféricas (Baskaran, 2011) (Gaffney, Marley, & Cunningham, 2004) (Rodas Ceballos, y otros, 2016). En concreto, la determinación de los índices alfa total y beta total en aire es un método ampliamente empleado como screening en caso de emergencia con una liberación radiológica a la atmósfera (EPA, 2009a) (Thakur & Mulholland, 2011). Además, la monitorización a largo plazo también proporciona información sobre las tendencias en el comportamiento de radionucleidos.…”

Section: Evaluación De Los íNdices α Total Y β Total En Aerosoles Delunclassified

Desarrollo de procedimientos rápidos de ensayo para la vigilancia radiológica ambiental en situaciones de emergencia.

Muñoz¹

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In the event of possible nuclear or radiological emergencies, governments or international organizations must develop an emergency response preparedness to ensure the protection of workers, public, intervention personnel and environment. In addition, there is growing concern about possible terrorist attacks or malicious acts using radioactive or orphan sources, so a proper emergency management is necessary. In particular, the assessment of environmental contamination should be carried out to establish which areas have been affected and determine the level of contamination in each of the matrices or environmental compartments, such as air, water, soil, food or vegetation. This is the main objective of the emergency environmental radiological surveillance plans. This PhD thesis provides the development of rapid testing procedures to evaluate the contamination produced by a radiological or nuclear emergency in different environmental matrices. Firstly, a study of the methodology of radiological emergencies response has been developed, taking into account, on the one hand, the environmental matrices to be analyzed, and on the other hand, the term source or radionuclides to be determined in an emergency. Specifically, several source terms are studied produced as a consequence of an accident at a nuclear power plant, a malicious act using orphan sources, "dirty bombs" or improvised nuclear devices, and an accident in a radioactive facility in the Valencian Community. From the results of this study, the procedures to be developed in the PhD thesis have been selected.

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Monitoring of gross alpha, gross beta and actinides activities in exhaust air released from the waste isolation pilot plant

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Determination and Comparison of the Strontium-90 Concentrations in Topsoil of Fukushima Prefecture before and after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Accident

Determination and Comparison of the Strontium-90 Concentrations in Topsoil of Fukushima Prefecture before and after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Accident

Simple Radiometric Determination of Strontium-90 in Seawater Using Measurement of Yttrium-90 Decay Time Following IronBarium Co-precipitation

Desarrollo de procedimientos rápidos de ensayo para la vigilancia radiológica ambiental en situaciones de emergencia.

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