Monitoring of fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Diptera: Tephritidae) population by installing traps in mango orchard Bahawalnagar, Pakistan.

Abstract

Mango is king of fruits and grown in various countries including Pakistan. The production of mango fruits in Pakistan is low due to attack of various insect pests especially fruit flies. Fruit flies are the major issue in the mango production. Fruit flies are considered as quarantine and key pests of Agricultural and horticultural crops causing huge losses in crop production. The current study was conducted at a farmer field in Bahawalnagar, to monitor the population of fruit flies installingdifferent traps like bottle, jar,and pheromones traps (methyl eugenol) in mango orchards. Data were recorded from January,2020-December, 2020. The results showed that maximum population of male fruit flies was captured in pheromones traps while minimum in jar traps. The population of fruit flies was emerged in month of April and no population was recorded in first three month and last one month of study. The June and July were the most favorable months for fruit fly attack on mango while December was least.Pheromones traps which are installed at 12 feet height from the ground surface captured 99% fruit fly population while lowest 30% population were captured at 4 feet height.Methyl eugenol trap were more effectiveto capture maximum population of fruit flies among tested traps. It can prove effective trap in controlling pest population in the mango orchards globally especially in Pakistan

Review on Biological Management of Bactrocera zonata through Pathogenic Activity of Beauveria bassiana

“…The major losses in horticultural crops are due to fruit flies that leads to a decline in the production of fruits [4]. The management of fruit flies can be done by several management techniques.…”

Biological control potential of entomopathogenic fungal strains against peach Fruit fly,Bactrocera zonata(Saunders) (Diptera: Tephritidae)

“…B. zonata has been considered a global economic pest. It is responsible for losses in Pakistan up to 89.50% and 10 to 20% in the Himalayan region ( Hossain et al, 2017 ; Murtaza et al, 2021a ). In different countries, B. zonata has been documented to cause 10–80% fruit losses in different crops, fruits and vegetables such as Mangifera indica L, peach, citrus and cereal crops under different ecological seasons ( Ahmad & Begum, 2017 ).…”

“…In India, its pest status is similar to that of B. cucurbitae and B. dorsalis which also affected Mangifera indica L., Psidium guajava L. and Averrhoa carambola L. ( Hossain et al, 2017 ). It is the most dominating, destructive, and prolific fruit fly species and can cause a huge losses in crop production ( Murtaza et al, 2021a ). According to the previously published research, in Pakistan, B. zonata is the most destructive, dominant, and abundant species of fruit fly infesting a huge spectrum of vegetables and fruits ( Ahmad & Begum, 2017 ; Murtaza et al, 2021a ).…”

“…It is the most dominating, destructive, and prolific fruit fly species and can cause a huge losses in crop production ( Murtaza et al, 2021a ). According to the previously published research, in Pakistan, B. zonata is the most destructive, dominant, and abundant species of fruit fly infesting a huge spectrum of vegetables and fruits ( Ahmad & Begum, 2017 ; Murtaza et al, 2021a ). The control of this pest species will help to manage the damage of crops, fruits and vegetables ultimately benefiting in economics ( Enkerlin, 2005 ).…”