Monitoring of free-ranging and captive<i>Psittacula</i>populations in Western Europe for avian bornaviruses, circoviruses and polyomaviruses

Kessler, Susanne; Heenemann, Kristin; Krause, Tobias; Twietmeyer, Sönke; Fuchs, Jérôme; Lierz, Michael; Corman, Victor M.; Vahlenkamp, Thomas; Rubbenstroth, Dennis

doi:10.1080/03079457.2019.1681359

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…The APV detection rate in this study was found to be 1.1%, which is consistent with the results reported from Italy (0.8%; Bert et al 2005), Japan (2.7%; Ogawa et al 2006), Germany and Spain (0.0%; Kessler et al 2020). Kessler et al (2020) did not find any BFDV positive samples collected from parrots in Germany or Spain. Bert et al (2005) found an 8.05% detection rate of BFDV in parrots in Italy.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Psittacine beak and feather disease virus and avian polyomavirus detection rate in clinically healthy captive birds in the Czech Republic

Valašťanová¹,

Petríková²,

Kulikova³

et al. 2021

Vet. Med. - Czech

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The aim of this study was to document the detection rate of the beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) and avian polyomavirus (APV) across clinically healthy captive parrots in the Czech Republic. The presence of the BFDV and APV was tested using a nested polymerase chain rection (PCR) in 177 parrots originating from 34 facilities (breeding facilities, private owners). Positive BFDV results came from 38 parrots (21.5%) within 12 facilities (35.3%). Two parrots (1.1%) originating from two different facilities (5.9%) tested positive for APV. The results show a high detection rate of BFDV in the clinically healthy captive parrot populations in the Czech Republic. Preventive measures to stop the spread of this virus are, thus, essential.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Psittacine beak and feather disease virus and avian polyomavirus detection rate in clinically healthy captive birds in the Czech Republic

Valašťanová¹,

Petríková²,

Kulikova³

et al. 2021

Vet. Med. - Czech

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“…No individual showed visible signs of the disease, which suggests that most of them were asymptomatic carriers or that ill (i.e., symptomatic) individuals die soon because of the disease [4,8,9] or are rapidly eliminated from the wild by natural selection [39]. The high prevalence of BFDV in the rose-ringed parakeet contrasts with the very low values in blood reported for other invasive populations of this species in Europe, Asia and Africa (from 0.0% in Germany [29] to 16.1% in Mauritius [16]). These values were lower than those reported in native populations in Asia (100% in Bangladesh and 71.4% in Pakistan [16]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Governmental and environmental organizations have applied different measures to control these populations [23][24][25], highlighting that these invasive birds can be natural reservoirs of infectious bacteria, fungi and viruses of zoonotic concern. However, scientific evidence is scarce [26,27], and only available for rose-ringed parakeets introduced in some European countries [28,29] and on the island of Mauritius [9]. Given the BFDV mutagenic potential and unpredictable viral effects, its study in invasive populations is important to prevent dangerous outbreaks in novel hosts among wild species [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Prevalence of Novel Beak and Feather Disease Virus in Sympatric Invasive Parakeets Introduced to Spain From Asia and South America

et al. 2020

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The psittacine beak and feather disease (PBFD) is a globally widespread infectious bird disease that mainly affects species within the Order Psittaciformes (parrots and allies). The disease is caused by an avian circovirus (the beak and feather disease virus, BFDV), which is highly infectious and can lead to severe consequences in wild and captive populations during an outbreak. Both legal and illegal trading have spread the BFDV around the world, although little is known about its prevalence in invasive parrot populations. Here, we analyze the BFDV prevalence in sympatric invasive populations of rose-ringed (Psittacula krameri) and monk parakeets (Myiopsitta monachus) in Southern Spain. We PCR-screened 110 blood samples (55 individuals from each species) for BFDV and characterized the genotypes of five positives from each species. About 33% of rose-ringed parakeets and 37% of monk parakeets sampled were positive for BFDV, while neither species showed disease symptoms. The circovirus identified is a novel BFDV genotype common to both species, similar to the BFDV genotypes detected in several parrot species kept in captivity in Saudi Arabia, South Africa and China. Our data evidences the importance of an accurate evaluation of avian diseases in wild populations, since invasive parrots may be bringing BFDV without showing any visually detectable clinical sign. Further research on the BFDV prevalence and transmission (individual–individual, captive–wild and wild–captive) in different bird orders and countries is crucial to understand the dynamics of the viral infection and minimize its impact in captive and wild populations.

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“…The RNA extracted from 82 clinical samples originating from various psittacine, passerine, and aquatic bird species were used for the validation of the assay ( Table S2 ). The avian bornavirus status of the samples was known based on previous conventional or real-time RT-PCR testing and the subsequent identification of the virus by sequence analysis, as described previously [ 15 , 18 , 19 , 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Multiplex Real-Time RT-PCR for Simultaneous Detection and Differentiation of Avian Bornaviruses

Sigrist

Geers

Albini

et al. 2021

Viruses

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Avian bornaviruses were first described in 2008 as the causative agents of proventricular dilatation disease (PDD) in parrots and their relatives (Psittaciformes). To date, 15 genetically highly diverse avian bornaviruses covering at least five viral species have been discovered in different bird orders. Currently, the primary diagnostic tool is the detection of viral RNA by conventional or real-time RT-PCR (rRT-PCR). One of the drawbacks of this is the usage of either specific assays, allowing the detection of one particular virus, or of assays with a broad detection spectrum, which, however, do not allow for the simultaneous specification of the detected virus. To facilitate the simultaneous detection and specification of avian bornaviruses, a multiplex real-time RT-PCR assay was developed. Whole-genome sequences of various bornaviruses were aligned. Primers were designed to recognize conserved regions within the overlapping X/P gene and probes were selected to detect virus species-specific regions within the target region. The optimization of the assay resulted in the sensitive and specific detection of bornaviruses of Psittaciformes, Passeriformes, and aquatic birds. Finally, the new rRT-PCR was successfully employed to detect avian bornaviruses in field samples from various avian species. This assay will serve as powerful tool in epidemiological studies and will improve avian bornavirus detection.

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Monitoring of free-ranging and captivePsittaculapopulations in Western Europe for avian bornaviruses, circoviruses and polyomaviruses

Cited by 15 publications

References 73 publications

Psittacine beak and feather disease virus and avian polyomavirus detection rate in clinically healthy captive birds in the Czech Republic

Psittacine beak and feather disease virus and avian polyomavirus detection rate in clinically healthy captive birds in the Czech Republic

High Prevalence of Novel Beak and Feather Disease Virus in Sympatric Invasive Parakeets Introduced to Spain From Asia and South America

A New Multiplex Real-Time RT-PCR for Simultaneous Detection and Differentiation of Avian Bornaviruses

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Monitoring of free-ranging and captivePsittaculapopulations in Western Europe for avian bornaviruses, circoviruses and polyomaviruses

Cited by 15 publications

References 73 publications

Psittacine beak and feather disease virus and avian polyomavirus detection rate in clinically healthy captive birds in the Czech Republic

Psittacine beak and feather disease virus and avian polyomavirus detection rate in clinically healthy captive birds in the Czech Republic

High Prevalence of Novel Beak and Feather Disease Virus in Sympatric Invasive Parakeets Introduced to Spain From Asia and South America

A New Multiplex Real-Time RT-PCR for Simultaneous Detection and Differentiation of Avian Bornaviruses

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Psittacine beak and feather disease virus and avian polyomavirus detection rate in clinically healthy captive birds in the Czech Republic

Psittacine beak and feather disease virus and avian polyomavirus detection rate in clinically healthy captive birds in the Czech Republic