Monitoring of corpus luteum function by measuring progestagens in faeces of non-pregnant mares (Equus caballus) and Przewalski mares (Equus przewalskii)

Schwarzenberger, Franz; Möstl, Erich; Bamberg, E.; Hegel, G. von

doi:10.1016/0378-4320(92)90039-g

Cited by 27 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Fecal samples are easier to collect than urine samples and the current trend in noninvasive monitoring of reproductive function suggests their increasing importance [Lasley and Kirkpatrick, 19911. Several assays based on fecal sample analysis have been shown to be reliable markers of luteal activity andior pregnancy in domestic and nondomestic species [Mostl et al, 1983;Bamberg et al, 1984Bamberg et al, , 1991Choi et al, 1987;Safar-Hermann et al, 1987;Desaulniers et al, 1989;Messier et al, 1990;Kirkpatrick et al, 1991;Lucas et al, 1991;Wasser et al, 1991;Schwarzenberger et al, 1991Schwarzenberger et al, , 1992. The purpose of the present study was to establish a method for fecal progestagen analysis during the estrous cycle and pregnancy in the okapi.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal progestagen evaluations to monitor the estrous cycle and pregnancy in the okapi (Okapia johnstoni)

et al. 1993

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The present study was conducted to establish a noninvasive method of reproductive monitoring in the okapi (Okapia johnstmi). Fecal samples were collected three times a week from nonpregnant okapis (n = 3) for periods of 2, 9, and 23 months, respectively, and for 2 months each from pregnant okapis (n = 4) at different stages of gestation. Samples were analyzed with an enzyme-immunoassay (EIA), using an antibody against pregnanediol, and the results are considered as measurements of unconjugated total immunoreactive progestagens (Pd-Pgs). Mean values of Pd-Pgs during the follicular (FP) and the luteal phases (LP) of the estrous cycles were 0.6 * 0.1 Kg/g and 6.1 * 0.3 Kg/g feces, respectively.Matings occurred at the terminations of the LP. By dividing the number of entire LPs into the time over which samples were available, average estrous cycle lengths in two okapis were estimated to be 15.5 (n = 11 LP) and 15.8 (n = 36 LP) days, respectively. In three animals, gestation lengths of 423, 424, and 431 days were calculated by observed matings. During days -280 to -220 before parturition, the fecal Pd-Pgs constantly increased from about 20-60 pg/g feces. Values were 100-350 pg/g during the last third of gestation. Values decreased in the week before parturition, and a continuous decline to FP values was observed within 3-4 days postpartum. During the 2 months postpartum investigated in one animal, the Pd-Pgs were in the FP range except one LP 3 weeks postpartum. It was concluded that fecal Pd-Pgs in female okapis are present in a ratio of -1 : lo:> 100 during FP, LP, and late pregnancy, respectively. Their measurement by EIA enables noninvasive monitoring of the estrous cycle and pregnancy diagnosis.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal progestagen evaluations to monitor the estrous cycle and pregnancy in the okapi (Okapia johnstoni)

et al. 1993

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“…However, identity cannot be confirmed, becaise coelution with standards in different chromatographic systems has to be demcnstrated. In addition, Schwarzenberger et al (1992) did not confirm the presence of 20a-dihydroprogesterone in faeces of Przewalski mares. Therefore, the concentrations reported should be considered as a measurement of a group of metabolites recognised by the antibody (20a-hydroxypregnanes).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Thus, the pregnanediol EIA used seems to be appropriate to analyse progestagens in faecal samples. In addition, measurements of extracts and the corresponding HPLC fractions with an assay system using a specific antibody raised against 20a-dihydroprogesterone (Schwarzenberger et al 1992) with low (ml) Fig. 1.…”

Section: Characterization Of Immunoreactive Progestagens In Faecal Samentioning

confidence: 99%

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Noninvasive monitoring of reproductive function by determination of faecal progestagens and sexual behaviour in a herd of Przewalski mares in a semireserve

Scheibe¹,

Dehnhard²,

Meyer³

et al. 1999

Acta Theriol.

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“…Milk [11,12,32,33], saliva [11, 18, 35, 42], urine [4, 21, 24] and feces [6,13,20,31,34,40,49] are easier to collect than blood. These have been used as measurement samples to measure the steroid hormone concentration in animals, and good results have been reported in many cases.…”

Section: Test Kitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of Gestagen Concentration in Feces Using a Bovine Milk Progesterone Quantitative Test EIA Kit and Its Application to Early Pregnancy Diagnosis in the Sow.

Moriyoshi

Nozoki

Ohtaki

et al. 1997

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. We attempted to measure the gestagen concentration in the feces of pigs by using a commercial bovine milk progesterone quantitative test EIA kit, and investigated the possibility of applying of this method of gestagen concentration measurement to early pregnancy diagnosis in the sow. Feces were collected from the rectum of the pig, and 0.5 g of the feces was placed in 20 ml of distilled water, stirred, and centrifuged. The supernatant was used as the fecal solution for measurement of gestagen. The procedure used for measuring gestagen in feces was the same as that for the measurement of progesterone in milk, except that a standard fecal gestagen solution (0.5-30.0 ng/ml) was prepared by the authors in the laboratory. The sensitivity of measurement using this method was 0.80 ng/ ml, or 32.0 ng/g of fecal weight. The recovery was 105.2-105.6%. Intra-assay coeffecients of variation (CVs) were 2.8-8.5%. The interassay CVs were 7.4-10.2%. Gestagen concentrations in feces measured by the present method and progesterone concentrations in peripheral plasma, collected at the same time as the feces, were highly correlated (r=0.98, p<0.001). The criteria for diagnosis of pregnancy based on the fecal gestagen level was positive for a gestagen level of 200 ng/g and negative for a gestagen level of < 200 ng/ g. When fecal gestagen measurements were applied to early pregnancy diagnosis in 149 sows, the accuracy of diagnosis from day 21 to day 25 after the last mating was 96.2% for positive cases (102/106) and 95.3% for negative cases (41/43). Thus, the results of this study show the quantitative measurement of the fecal gestagen concentration in the sow using a bovine milk quantitative test EIA kit is a practical method for early pregnancy diagnosis. -KEY WORDS: early pregnancy diagnosis, feces, gestagen, quantitative test EIA kit, sow.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 59(8): 695-701, 1997 easier to collect than blood. Measurements were carried out using a commercial bovine milk progesterone enzyme immunoassay (EIA) kit, which is quick and does not require any special equipment. The authors reported good results from the application of this method to early pregnancy diagnosis in sows [27][28][29]. In the present study, the same commercial bovine milk progesterone EIA kit was used for quantitative measurement of the gestagen concentration in samples of feces, which are even easier to collect than saliva, and the applicability of this method to early pregnancy diagnosis in the sow was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Test kit:The kit used for gestagen quantitative measurement was an Ovucheck bovine milk progesterone EIA kit (Cambridge Veterinary Sciences Ltd., U.K.). The microtitre plate had 96 wells with sheep progesterone antibody pre-coated in each well. The reagents included enzyme-labeled antigen-binding solution (conjugate), substrate tablets, substrate tablet soluble buffer solution, and stopping solution, as well as four types of standard progesterone milk solutions (1.0, 5.0, 10.0, 30.0 ng/ml; standard milk solution was...

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Monitoring of corpus luteum function by measuring progestagens in faeces of non-pregnant mares (Equus caballus) and Przewalski mares (Equus przewalskii)

Cited by 27 publications

References 15 publications

Fecal progestagen evaluations to monitor the estrous cycle and pregnancy in the okapi (Okapia johnstoni)

Fecal progestagen evaluations to monitor the estrous cycle and pregnancy in the okapi (Okapia johnstoni)

Noninvasive monitoring of reproductive function by determination of faecal progestagens and sexual behaviour in a herd of Przewalski mares in a semireserve

Measurement of Gestagen Concentration in Feces Using a Bovine Milk Progesterone Quantitative Test EIA Kit and Its Application to Early Pregnancy Diagnosis in the Sow.

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