Monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility of respiratory tract pathogens isolated from diseased cattle and pigs across Europe, 2009–2012: VetPath results

Garch, Farid El; Jong, Anno de; Simjee, Shabbir; Moyaert, Hilde; Klein, U.; Ludwig, Carolin; Marion, Hervé; Haag‐Diergarten, Silke; Richard‐Mazet, Alexandra; Thomas, Valérie; Siegwart, Ed

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2016.04.009

Cited by 118 publications

(140 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In combination with the MIC 90 (0.06 μg/mL) from two previous studies, and the PK characteristics in this study, we can infer that a dosage regimen of marbofloxacin 2.0 mg/kg (AUC 24 TCF/MIC, 161.67 h > 125 h) was effective for the treatment of P. multocida infections [37, 38]. However, considering that we found an AUC 24 TCF/MIC ratio of 57.70 h that produced a 3-log reduction in this investigation, a marbofloxacin dose of 1.34 mg/kg every 24 h is recommended for treatment of P. multocida infections with MIC values lower than 0.12 μg/mL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Integrated pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model to evaluate the in vivo antimicrobial activity of Marbofloxacin against Pasteurella multocida in piglets

Zeng

Xian

et al. 2017

BMC Vet Res

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BackgroundMarbofloxacin is a veterinary fluoroquinolone with high activity against Pasteurella multocida. We evaluated it’s in vivo activity against P. multocida based on in vivo time-kill data in swine using a tissue-cage model. A series of dosages ranging from 0.15 to 2.5 mg/kg were administered intramuscularly after challenge with P. multocida type B, serotype 2.ResultsThe ratio of the 24 h area under the concentration-time curve divided by the minimum inhibitory concentration (AUC24TCF/MIC) was the best PK/PD index correlated with the in vivo antibacterial effectiveness of marbofloxacin (R2 = 0.9279). The AUC24TCF/MIC necessary to achieve a 1-log10 CFU/ml reduction and a 3-log10 CFU/ml (90% of the maximum response) reduction as calculated by an inhibitory sigmoid Emax model were 13.48 h and 57.70 h, respectively.ConclusionsMarbofloxacin is adequate for the treatment of swine infected with P. multocida. The tissue-cage model played a significant role in achieving these PK/PD results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Integrated pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model to evaluate the in vivo antimicrobial activity of Marbofloxacin against Pasteurella multocida in piglets

Zeng

Xian

et al. 2017

BMC Vet Res

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“…In other studies, where specific macrolide resistance genes were identified in members of the Pasteurellaceae (Olsen et al, 2015; Dayao et al, 2016), higher MIC values (≥64 mg/L) were reported for tilmicosin and erythromycin. There is no established CLSI clinical MIC breakpoint for tylosin resistance in A. pleuropneumoniae , and a recent VetPath survey (El Garch et al, 2016) also showed that although only 1/158 A. pleuropneumoniae isolates tested had an MIC ≥ 32 mg/L for tilmicosin (considered resistant), 144/158 had an MIC ≥ 32 mg/L for tylosin (none considered resistant due to lack of established breakpoint). From these and our results, it is not clear if there is a specific resistance to tylosin associated with an MIC ≥ 64 mg/L, and if so, what is the mechanism of this resistance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reproducibility of phenotypic results has been an issue with surveillance of AMR, with calls for a more standardized method to allow direct comparisons between labs (Michael et al, 2015; El Garch et al, 2016). Our results confirm that wgs is a valuable method that can be used, either in combination with phenotypic testing or on its own, for surveillance of AMR in A. pleuropneumoniae .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Whole Genome Sequencing for Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance in Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

Bossé

Rogers

et al. 2017

Front. Microbiol.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between antimicrobial resistance (AMR) profiles of 96 clinical isolates of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, an important porcine respiratory pathogen, and the identification of AMR genes in whole genome sequence (wgs) data. Susceptibility of the isolates to nine antimicrobial agents (ampicillin, enrofloxacin, erythromycin, florfenicol, sulfisoxazole, tetracycline, tilmicosin, trimethoprim, and tylosin) was determined by agar dilution susceptibility test. Except for the macrolides tested, elevated MICs were highly correlated to the presence of AMR genes identified in wgs data using ResFinder or BLASTn. Of the isolates tested, 57% were resistant to tetracycline [MIC ≥ 4 mg/L; 94.8% with either tet(B) or tet(H)]; 48% to sulfisoxazole (MIC ≥ 256 mg/L or DD = 6; 100% with sul2), 20% to ampicillin (MIC ≥ 4 mg/L; 100% with blaROB-1), 17% to trimethoprim (MIC ≥ 32 mg/L; 100% with dfrA14), and 6% to enrofloxacin (MIC ≥ 0.25 mg/L; 100% with GyrAS83F). Only 33% of the isolates did not have detectable AMR genes, and were sensitive by MICs for the antimicrobial agents tested. Although 23 isolates had MIC ≥ 32 mg/L for tylosin, all isolates had MIC ≤ 16 mg/L for both erythromycin and tilmicosin, and no macrolide resistance genes or known point mutations were detected. Other than the GyrAS83F mutation, the AMR genes detected were mapped to potential plasmids. In addition to presence on plasmid(s), the tet(B) gene was also found chromosomally either as part of a 56 kb integrative conjugative element (ICEApl1) in 21, or as part of a Tn7 insertion in 15 isolates. Our results indicate that, with the exception of macrolides, wgs data can be used to accurately predict resistance of A. pleuropneumoniae to the tested antimicrobial agents and provides added value for routine surveillance.

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“…The in vitro activity of TUL against S. zooepidemicus has not been investigated. However, TUL is poorly active against S. suis with a MIC 90 >64 μg/mL 24. It is possible that measurement of TUL concentrations in whole BAL cells underestimate the concentration of the drug in R. equi ‐containing vacuoles within macrophages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Tulathromycin for the Treatment of Foals with Mild to Moderate Bronchopneumonia

Rutenberg¹,

Venner

Giguère

2017

Veterinary Internal Medicne

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BackgroundThere is conflicting data regarding the efficacy of tulathromycin for the treatment of foals with bronchopneumonia.HypothesesTulathromycin is effective for the treatment of bronchopneumonia in foals and noninferior to the combination of azithromycin and rifampin.AnimalsA total of 240 foals on a farm endemic for infections caused by Rhodococcus equi.MethodsIn a controlled, randomized, and double‐blinded clinical trial, foals with ultrasonographic pulmonary lesions (abscess score 10–15 cm) were allocated to 3 groups: 1—tulathromycin IM q 7 days (n = 80); 2—azithromycin‐rifampin, orally q24h (n = 80); or 3—untreated controls (n = 80). Physical examination and thoracic ultrasonography were performed by individuals unaware of treatment group assignment. Foals that worsened were considered treatment failures and removed from the study.ResultsThe proportion of foals that recovered was significantly higher for foals treated with tulathromycin (70 of 79) or azithromycin‐rifampin (76 of 80) compared to that of control foals (22 of 80). The difference in the percentage of efficacy of azithromycin‐rifampin versus tulathromycin was 6.4% (90% CI = −0.72–13.5%). Given that the confidence interval crossed the predetermined noninferiority limit of 10%, the null hypothesis that the response rate in the azithromycin‐rifampin group is superior to that of the tulathromycin group could not be rejected. Resolution of ultrasonographic lesions occurred faster in foals treated with azithromycin‐rifampin than in foals treated with tulathromycin.Conclusion and clinical importanceTulathromycin was effective for the treatment of bronchopneumonia in foals at this farm but not as effective as the combination of azithromycin‐rifampin.

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Monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility of respiratory tract pathogens isolated from diseased cattle and pigs across Europe, 2009–2012: VetPath results

Cited by 118 publications

References 26 publications

Integrated pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model to evaluate the in vivo antimicrobial activity of Marbofloxacin against Pasteurella multocida in piglets

Integrated pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) model to evaluate the in vivo antimicrobial activity of Marbofloxacin against Pasteurella multocida in piglets

Whole Genome Sequencing for Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance in Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

Efficacy of Tulathromycin for the Treatment of Foals with Mild to Moderate Bronchopneumonia

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