1983
DOI: 10.1159/000206799
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Monitoring of Anticoagulant Therapy during Open-Heart Surgery in Children with Congenital Heart Disease

Abstract: A significant reduction (30%) in the amount of postoperative blood loss from 1.12 to 0.70 ml/kg/h was noted in pediatric patients subjected to cardiopulmonary bypass for congenital heart disease surgery when the activated whole blood clotting time was utilized to monitor anticoagulant therapy. However, no difference in the incidence (11 %) of postoperative hemorrhage was noted. Extensive preoperative laboratory hemo-stasis testing and routine immediate postoperative use of platelet transfusion and fresh frozen… Show more

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Cited by 16 publications
(8 citation statements)
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“…358,359 Studies in adults using ACT alone or combined with heparin concentration assays compared with empirical dosing demonstrate that these tests generally either result in a decrease in postoperative bleeding or transfusion requirements or at worst have neutral results, suggesting that the use of these tests to guide heparin therapy is probably beneficial. [360][361][362][363][364][365][366][367][368][369][370][371][372][373][374][375][376][377] The anticoagulation strategies for children are borrowed from the adult experience, and few studies address the pediatric age range specifically, despite the fact that factors known to prolong ACT, such as hypothermia, hemodilution, and decreased platelet function, are prevalent in pediatric cardiac operations. The optimal target ACT that will prevent clot formation within the CPB circuit is not precisely known, but clot formation is unlikely with an ACT >300 seconds.…”
Section: General Comments On Anticoagulation For Cpb In Children Withmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…358,359 Studies in adults using ACT alone or combined with heparin concentration assays compared with empirical dosing demonstrate that these tests generally either result in a decrease in postoperative bleeding or transfusion requirements or at worst have neutral results, suggesting that the use of these tests to guide heparin therapy is probably beneficial. [360][361][362][363][364][365][366][367][368][369][370][371][372][373][374][375][376][377] The anticoagulation strategies for children are borrowed from the adult experience, and few studies address the pediatric age range specifically, despite the fact that factors known to prolong ACT, such as hypothermia, hemodilution, and decreased platelet function, are prevalent in pediatric cardiac operations. The optimal target ACT that will prevent clot formation within the CPB circuit is not precisely known, but clot formation is unlikely with an ACT >300 seconds.…”
Section: General Comments On Anticoagulation For Cpb In Children Withmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This complication is even more evident in infants and young children (45), especially in children with cyanotic cardiovascular disorders and preoperative disseminated intravascular coagulation (80).…”
Section: Generalmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Excessive nonsurgical bleeding during and particularly following open-heart cardiopulmonary bypass procedures has been a problem since the advent of this operation (50) and remains an often serious complication (8,12,18,2 I ,32,40,55,60,67, 68,72,78,82,83,88). This complication is even more evident in infants and young children (45), especially in children with cyanotic cardiovascular disorders and preoperative disseminated intravascular coagulation (80).…”
Section: Generalmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Όταν έγινε σύγκριση χωρίς monitoring και η δοσολογία ηπαρίνης/πρωταµίνης ελεγχόταν από τον ενεργοποιηµένο χρόνο πήξης (ACT), αυτό δεν περιόρισε ιδιαίτερα την ποσότητα αίµατος στην παροχέτευση του θώρακα και την έκβαση της µετάγγισης [499][500][501][502][503][504][505][506][507][508][509]. Από 11 µελέτες, έξι ανέδειξαν µια µείωση στην παροχέτευση του θώρακα και πέντε δεν έδειξαν καµία διαφορά.…”
Section: για ασθενείς που απαιτούν µεγαλύτερη διάρκεια Cpb (> 2 µε 3 unclassified
“…εντερική έναντι πνευµονικής, χοίρεια έναντι βόειας), η µέθοδος προετοιµασίας και η κατανοµή του µοριακού βάρους της ηπαρίνης που χρησιµοποιείται, µπορεί επίσης να συνεισφέρει στην ελαττωµένη ανταπόκριση [497,498]. ∆υστυχώς, δεν υπάρχουν προς το παρόν διαθέσιµες δοκιµασίες για να βοηθήσουν τους κλινικούς γιατρούς να προσδιορίσουν τη συγκεκριµένη αιτία της αντίστασης στην ηπαρίνη ή τις διαφορετικές ανταποκρίσεις στην ηπαρίνη.Όταν έγινε σύγκριση χωρίς monitoring και η δοσολογία ηπαρίνης/πρωταµίνης ελεγχόταν από τον ενεργοποιηµένο χρόνο πήξης (ACT), αυτό δεν περιόρισε ιδιαίτερα την ποσότητα αίµατος στην παροχέτευση του θώρακα και την έκβαση της µετάγγισης [499][500][501][502][503][504][505][506][507][508][509]. Από 11 µελέτες, έξι ανέδειξαν µια µείωση στην παροχέτευση του θώρακα και πέντε δεν έδειξαν καµία διαφορά.…”
unclassified