Monitoring Nutrient Status of Guava Fruit Trees in Punjab, Northwest India through the Diagnostic and Recommendation Integrated System Approach

Abstract

The Diagnostic and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) was employed for interpreting nutrient analyses of leaf tissue of guava fruit trees (Psidium guajava L.) cultivated in Punjab, northwest India. Standard reference DRIS norms were established for various nutrient ratios and used to compute DRIS indices, which assessed nutrient balance and order of limitation to yield. The DRIS evaluation and sufficiency range approach were equally effective and in agreement for diagnosing deficiencies of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), sulfur (S), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), and copper (Cu). The results also show that the position of leaf tissue sampled does not have a major effect on the DRIS diagnosis. Nutrient sufficiency ranges derived from DRIS norms were 1.41 -1. 65, P, K, Ca, magnesium (Mg), and S and were 105-153, 58 -110, 15 -29, and 6-16 mg Kg 21 for iron (Fe), Mn, Zn, and Cu, respectively. According to these sufficiency ranges 35, 62, 51, 75, 70, and 68% of samples were sufficient, and 4, 29, 36, 9, 10, and 22% of samples were low in N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S, respectively. More than 50 and 2% of the guava trees selected for sampling was found to deficient in N and P, respectively. For micronutrients, 15, 6, and 7% of samples were found to be low in Mn, Zn, and Cu.

Impact of Nitrogen and Boron on Some Vegetative, Reproductive and Quality of Guava (Psidium gujava L.)

“…However, minimum TSS, ascorbic acid, total sugar and acidity was observed without boron. The findings are in conformity with Hundal et al, (2007), Hari et al, (2008) and Kumar et al, (2009).…”

Mineral Composition and Soil-Plant Relationships for Common Guava (Psidium guajavaL.) and Yellow Strawberry Guava (Psidium cattleianumvar. lucidum) Tree Parts and Fruits

“…The bark of guava has been shown to be composed of 12-30 percent tannin (Burkill 1997;Gutierrez, Mitchell, and Solis 2008), resin, and Ca oxalate crystals (Gutierrez, Mitchell, and Solis 2008;Nadkarni and Nadkarni 1999). Other reports using the Diagnostic and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) compared nutrient balance standard norms to guava leaves to interpret nutrient analysis of leaf tissue of guava fruit trees (Hundal, Singh, and Singh 2007). For macrominerals, greater than 50 percent of the guava trees sampled were deficient in N and greater than 2 percent were deficient in P (Hundal, Singh, and Singh 2007).…”

“…Other reports using the Diagnostic and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) compared nutrient balance standard norms to guava leaves to interpret nutrient analysis of leaf tissue of guava fruit trees (Hundal, Singh, and Singh 2007). For macrominerals, greater than 50 percent of the guava trees sampled were deficient in N and greater than 2 percent were deficient in P (Hundal, Singh, and Singh 2007).…”

“…Copper ranged from 0.02 to 0.14 mg/kg, Fe 2.86-5.14 mg/kg, Zn 0.31-0.57 mg/kg, and Mn 0.00-0.26 mg/kg (Okwu and Ekeke 2003). Hundal, Singh, and Singh (2007) reported mineral deficiencies when comparing to the standard reference DRIS norms; specifically, 15 percent of the trees sampled were deficient in Mn, 6 percent were deficient in Zn, and 7 percent were deficient in Cu. Kumar and Pandey (1979) reported that the guava leaf dry-matter content steadily increased as leaf age increased; and as the N, P, K, Zn, and Cu content decreased, the Ca, Mg, Na, and Mn increased with leaf age as well.…”

Monitoring Nutrient Status of Ber (Zizyphus mauritiana) Fruit Trees in Semi-arid and Arid Regions of Northwest India through Diagnostic Recommendation and Integrated System Approach

“…However, the Diagnostic Recommendation and Integrated System (DRIS) provide a means of simultaneously identifying imbalances, deficiencies, and excesses of nutrients and ranking them in the order of importance . The DRIS is appropriate to diagnose nutrient status of corn (Beaufils 1971), hazelnut (Alkoshab, Righettii, and Dixon 1988), potato (Sharma 1991), banana (Wortmann, Bosch, and Mukandala 1994), apple (Goh and Malakouti 1992), lychee Arora 1995, 1996), sunflower (Hundal, Arora, and Brar 2001); cauliflower (Hundal, Arora, and Brar 2003), sugarcane (Hundal, Singh, and Brar 2005b), rice (Hundal et al 2008), kinnow , mango (Hundal, Singh, and Brar 2005a), and guava (Hundal, Singh, and Singh 2007). The DRIS norms can be established from a large data set of independent leaf tissues' mineral compositions and their corresponding yield for a particular species rather than from fertilizer treatment response trials in field.…”