Monitoring metal pollution in soils using portable-XRF and conventional laboratory-based techniques: Evaluation of the performance and limitations according to metal properties and sources

Caporale, Antonio Giandonato; Adamo, Paola; Capozzi, Fiore; Langella, Giuliano; Terribile, Fabio; Vingiani, Simona

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.178

Cited by 89 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Only limited on certain linear relationship, there was few spatial distribution models relevant to the PXRF-quantified elements and soil properties. In monitoring metal pollution in soils using the PXRF method, satisfactory correlations were obtained between the AR (Aqua Regia) and the PXRF-quantified concentrations of Ca, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb and Zn 42 . Strong linear correlations were found between As, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Ni, P, Pb, Si, Ti and Zn 43 .…”

Section: Empirical Bayesian Krigingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Spatial Variability of Soil Properties and Portable X-Ray Fluorescence-quantified Elements of typical Golf Courses Soils

Yang

Tong

Zhang

2020

Sci Rep

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Understanding and quantitative delineation of Portable X-Ray Fluorescence (PXRF)-quantified elements and soil properties spatial variability are important for healthy turf development for golf courses. In this study, PXRF-quantified elements and soil properties (except soil acidity and alkalinity (pH), electric conductivity (EC), and textures) of 200 soil samples were measured by PXRF analyzer at different golf courses in Lubbock, Amarillo, and Midland in Texas, and Hobbs in New Mexico. Furthermore, principal component analysis (PCA), empirical bayesian kriging (EBK) and the ordinary least square model (OLSM) were used in the study. Two kinds of components were extracted and interpreted by PCA, the results showed Zn, Ti, Fe, Rb, V, Mn and Zr were associated with the component 1, while Sr was associated with the component 2, the preliminary classification of PXRF-quantified elements was formed by PCA. The EBK approach was used to evaluate the spatial patterns of PXRFquantified elements and soil properties. The OLSM model quantitatively related pH to EC, silt texture and the PXRF-quantified K, Ca and Sr. The integration of PCA, EBK and OLSM revealed quantitative links between soil pedogenesis and causes, spatial variability and couple relationships of PXRFquantified elements and soil properties over golf courses. Currently, proximal soil sensing presents the characteristics of interdisciplinary with pedometrics, pedology and morphology. Proximal and remote sensing, along with miniaturized sensor technology, have advanced the useful non-destructive monitoring technologies for rapidly quantifying heavy metal concentrations. The Portable X-ray Fluorescence (PXRF) spectrometry is a proximal scanning technology and has a long history of being used in characterizing the elemental compositions in many matrices 1,2. The PXRF technology can be implemented in soil geochemical analysis for fast and efficient testing of heavy metals 3 , and used to answer the questions of direct soil provenance based on the understanding that both soil pedogenesis with climate, parent material, topography and other factors 4. Applications of PXRF included environmental assessment and identification of heavy metal concentrations of soils, compost, or solid waste 5-7. PXRF applications to pedology were rapidly increasing given the relative ease of data acquisition 8. The PXRF's ability to predict soil textural attributes was demonstrated, which is of interest in texture related to mineral composition 7. PXRF was valid as well to rapidly screen Cr and Ni levels in serpentine soils 3. Laiho and Perämäki (2005) found that soil moisture and particle size were the main factors influencing on PXRF measurement accuracy from contaminated site soils 9. The response of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) intensity to soil moisture content depended on soil texture and mineralogy 10 , however, it is generally stable in measuring soil elements when moisture content is <15% 8,11. Over the past 10 years, PXRF has been much more used in soil science. Among many contempora...

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Section: Empirical Bayesian Krigingmentioning

confidence: 98%

Spatial Variability of Soil Properties and Portable X-Ray Fluorescence-quantified Elements of typical Golf Courses Soils

Yang

Tong

Zhang

2020

Sci Rep

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“…Aqua regia does not result in complete dissolution of elements bound or occluded into silicate lattices [52], thus providing only a pseudo-total concentration. However, it is commonly used in environmental studies for the assessment of extent of soil and EW contamination because this acid blend usually addresses the most concerning chemical fraction for environment and human health [53,54].…”

Section: Aqua Regia Extractable Concentrations and Bioavailable Concementioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of the Possible Reuse of Extractive Waste Coming from Abandoned Mine Sites: Case Study in Gorno, Italy

Mehta

Dino

Passarella³

et al. 2020

Sustainability

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Supply of resources, a growing population, and environmental pollution are some of the main challenges facing the contemporary world. The rapid development of mining activities has produced huge amounts of waste. This waste, found in abandoned mine sites, provides the potential opportunity of extracting raw material. The current study, therefore, focuses on testing the validation of a shared methodology to recover extractive waste from abandoned mines, and applies this methodology to a case study in Gorno, northwest Italy. The methods focused on: (1) analyzing the impact of tailings and fine fraction of waste rock (<2 mm) on plants (Cress -Lepidium Sativum) to assess usability of both as soil additive, and (2) recovering raw materials from tailings and coarse fraction (>2 mm) of waste rock, by means of dressing methods like wet shaking table and froth flotation. The results indicated that the fine fraction of waste rock and tailings did not have detrimental effects on seed germination; however, there was marked decrease in plant growth. As for the recovery of raw materials, the coarse waste rock samples, crushed to <0.5 mm, produced a recovery of Cd, Ga, and Zn-as much as 66%, 56%, and 64%, respectively-using the wet shaking table. The same samples when crushed to 0.063-0.16 mm and used for froth flotation produced a recovery of Cd, Ga, and Zn of up to 61%, 72%, and 47%, respectively. The flotation experiment on tailings showed a recovery of Cd, Ga and Zn at pH 7 of 33%, 6% and 29% respectively. The present investigation highlights the methodologies used for extracting raw materials from extractive waste.

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“…The aqua regia digestion method is not total, while pXRF is a total analysis technique. This may introduce biases for refractory elements [1,31]. The elements discussed in Section 3 are not refractory enough to lead to significant biases.…”

Section: Laboratory Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

pXRF Measurements on Soil Samples for the Exploration of an Antimony Deposit: Example from the Vendean Antimony District (France)

et al. 2020

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Mineral exploration is increasingly challenging in inhabited areas. To evaluate the potential of soil analysis by pXRF (portable X-ray fluorescence) as a low-footprint exploration technique, we revisited a historic Sb district in an agricultural area and performed shallow-soil sampling (Ah and B horizons) along profiles across known veins to capture the endogenic geochemical anomaly signals. Despite an expected bias between pXRF measurements and laboratory analyses, the former effectively located the Sb veins, especially when using their multi-element capabilities. Composition data processing (CoDa) and horizon-selective sampling significantly improved the method’s efficiency. On-site measurements allow dynamic sampling and mapping, helping with faster, cost-effective sample selection for further laboratory investigations. Based on this case study, where similar geochemical patterns were obtained for both horizons, application of an on-site approach to a humic horizon can increase survey efficiency and decrease impacts.

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Monitoring metal pollution in soils using portable-XRF and conventional laboratory-based techniques: Evaluation of the performance and limitations according to metal properties and sources

Cited by 89 publications

References 42 publications

Spatial Variability of Soil Properties and Portable X-Ray Fluorescence-quantified Elements of typical Golf Courses Soils

Spatial Variability of Soil Properties and Portable X-Ray Fluorescence-quantified Elements of typical Golf Courses Soils

Assessment of the Possible Reuse of Extractive Waste Coming from Abandoned Mine Sites: Case Study in Gorno, Italy

pXRF Measurements on Soil Samples for the Exploration of an Antimony Deposit: Example from the Vendean Antimony District (France)

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