Monitoring long-term soundscape trends in U.S. Waters: The NOAA/NPS Ocean Noise Reference Station Network

Haver, Samara M.; Gedamke, Jason; Hatch, Leila T.; Dziak, Robert P.; Parijs, Sofie Van; McKenna, Megan F.; Barlow, Jay; Berchok, Catherine L.; DiDonato, Eva; Hanson, Brad; Haxel, J. H.; Holt, Marla M.; Lipski, Danielle; Matsumoto, Haru; Meinig, Christian; Mellinger, David K.; Moore, Sue E.; Oleson, Erin M.; Soldevilla, Melissa S.; Klinck, Holger

doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2018.01.023

Cited by 77 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…This threat is particularly pronounced in marine ecosystems, where low frequency sound can travel great distances with little loss of energy and where -in the absence of human activities -many marine species have evolved to rely on sound as their principal sensory modality (Urick 1983, Richardson et al 2013. The contemporary ocean is characterized by global trade, resource extraction, and other maritime activities, all which have an acoustic footprint (Haver et al 2017(Haver et al , 2018. Sound from large vessels in particular extends over large distances underwater, often overlapping spatially and temporally with ecologically important environmental and biological sounds (Wenz 1962, Hildebrand 2009, Parks et al 2009, Haver et al 2017.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humpback whales Megaptera novaeangliae alter calling behavior in response to natural sounds and vessel noise

Fournet¹,

Matthews²,

Gabriele³

et al. 2018

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Acoustically adept species in the marine environment have to contend with complex and highly variable soundscapes. In the ocean today, sounds from human sources contribute substantially to the underwater acoustic environment. We used a 4-element hydrophone array in Glacier Bay National Park to (1) identify primary drivers of ambient sound in this region, (2) investigate whether humpback whales Megaptera novaeangliae exhibit a Lombard response in response to ambient noise, and (3) investigate whether humpback whales adjust their calling activity in response to naturally occurring and vessel-generated sounds. We found that cruise ships and tour boats, roaring harbor seals Phoca vitulina, and weather events were primary drivers of ambient sound levels, and that they varied both seasonally and diurnally. As ambient sound levels increased, humpback whales responded by increasing the source levels of their calls (nonsong vocalizations) by 0.81 dB (95% CI = 0.79−0.90) for every 1 dB increase in ambient sound. There was no evidence that the magnitude of the observed response differed between natural and man-made sounds. We also found that the probability of a humpback whale calling in the survey area decreased by 9% for every 1 dB increase in ambient sound. Controlling for ambient sound levels, the probability of a humpback whale calling in the survey area was 31−45% lower when vessel noise contributed to the soundscape than when only natural sounds were present.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Humpback whales Megaptera novaeangliae alter calling behavior in response to natural sounds and vessel noise

Fournet¹,

Matthews²,

Gabriele³

et al. 2018

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Acoustic signaling can reveal key insights into animal behavior across a broad range of taxa. Acoustic signals are quantifiable, may be easily collected at little to no impact to the subject species, and can be directly compared across space and time 1 , 2 . Investigating long-term trends in acoustic communication is essential for understanding drivers of vocal change and the role of acoustic communication within a species’ life history 3 , 4 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some things never change: multi-decadal stability in humpback whale calling repertoire on Southeast Alaskan foraging grounds

Fournet

Gabriele²,

Culp

et al. 2018

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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Investigating long term trends in acoustic communication is essential for understanding the role of sound in social species. Humpback whales are an acoustically plastic species known for producing rapidly-evolving song and a suite of non-song vocalizations (“calls”) containing some call types that exhibit short-term stability. By comparing the earliest known acoustic recordings of humpback whales in Southeast Alaska (from the 1970’s) with recordings collected in the 1990’s, 2000’s, and 2010’s, we investigated the long-term repertoire stability of calls on Southeast Alaskan foraging grounds. Of the sixteen previously described humpback whale call types produced in Southeast Alaska, twelve were detected in both 1976 and 2012, indicating stability over a 36-year time period; eight call types were present in all four decades and every call type was present in at least three decades. We conclude that the conservation of call types at this temporal scale is indicative of multi-generational persistence and confirms that acoustic communication in humpback whales is comprised of some highly stable call elements in strong contrast to ever-changing song.

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“…Empirical evidence of the efficiency of PEM has been accumulated on Mediterranean maqui [84], on temperate freshwater [85,114,115], and in the marine environment [116][117][118][119]. In particular, long-term monitoring of the soundscape is important to implement management and mitigation strategies [120]. Often, a combination of the aural species identification and the ecoacoustic metric offers a better description of acoustic communities and soundscapes.…”

Section: Passive Acoustic Monitoring For Environmental Assessment Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecoacoustics: A Quantitative Approach to Investigate the Ecological Role of Environmental Sounds

Farina

2018

Mathematics

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Ecoacoustics is a recent ecological discipline focusing on the ecological role of sounds. Sounds from the geophysical, biological, and anthropic environment represent important cues used by animals to navigate, communicate, and transform unknown environments in well-known habitats. Sounds are utilized to evaluate relevant ecological parameters adopted as proxies for biodiversity, environmental health, and human wellbeing assessment due to the availability of autonomous audio recorders and of quantitative metrics. Ecoacoustics is an important ecological tool to establish an innovative biosemiotic narrative to ensure a strategic connection between nature and humanity, to help in-situ field and remote-sensing surveys, and to develop long-term monitoring programs. Acoustic entropy, acoustic richness, acoustic dissimilarity index, acoustic complexity indices (ACItf and ACIft and their evenness), normalized difference soundscape index, ecoacoustic event detection and identification routine, and their fractal structure are some of the most popular indices successfully applied in ecoacoustics. Ecoacoustics offers great opportunities to investigate ecological complexity across a full range of operational scales (from individual species to landscapes), but requires an implementation of its foundations and of quantitative metrics to ameliorate its competency on physical, biological, and anthropic sonic contexts.

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Monitoring long-term soundscape trends in U.S. Waters: The NOAA/NPS Ocean Noise Reference Station Network

Cited by 77 publications

References 40 publications

Humpback whales Megaptera novaeangliae alter calling behavior in response to natural sounds and vessel noise

Humpback whales Megaptera novaeangliae alter calling behavior in response to natural sounds and vessel noise

Some things never change: multi-decadal stability in humpback whale calling repertoire on Southeast Alaskan foraging grounds

Ecoacoustics: A Quantitative Approach to Investigate the Ecological Role of Environmental Sounds

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