Monitoring Groundwater Change in California’s Central Valley Using Sentinel-1 and GRACE Observations

Liu, Zhen; Liu, Pang‐Wei; Massoud, Elias; Farr, Tom G.; Lundgren, P.; Famiglietti, J. S.

doi:10.3390/geosciences9100436

Cited by 51 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In many applications, the GRACE observations are combined with data from various land data assimilation systems, e.g., global land data assimilation (GLDAS), MERRA (modern era retrospective-analysis for research and applications) and climatic models. In the presented paper, the GLDAS model (the global land data assimilation system) was used [6,7].…”

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confidence: 99%

Groundwater Storage Changes Derived from GRACE and GLDAS on Smaller River Basins—A Case Study in Poland

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2020

Geosciences

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In the era of global climate change, the monitoring of water resources, including groundwater, is of fundamental importance for nature, agriculture, economy and society. The purpose of this paper is to check compliance of changes in groundwater level obtained from direct measurements in wells with groundwater storage (GWS) anomalies calculated using gravity recovery and climate experiment (GRACE) observations in Poland. Data from the global land data assimilation (GLDAS), in the form of soil moisture (SM) and snow water equivalence (SWE), were used to convert GRACE observations into a series of GWS changes. It was found that very high consistency occurs between GRACE observations and changes in water level in wells, while the GWS series obtained from GRACE and GLDAS do not provide adequate compatibility. Further research presented in the paper was devoted to attempts to explain this phenomenon. In addition, time series of GRACE, GLDAS and groundwater head series were analyzed.

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confidence: 99%

Groundwater Storage Changes Derived from GRACE and GLDAS on Smaller River Basins—A Case Study in Poland

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2020

Geosciences

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“…Generally, various aspects of the hydrologic cycle, such as snow pack and soil moisture, have been impacted by increasing temperatures and more variable precipitation. This overall shock to the water cycle can be seen in both observations and model simulations of total water storage for many regions of the world [7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…This has created a large reliance on groundwater, a slowly renewable resource conveniently stored at shallow subsurface aquifer layers. Because of continued extraction and insufficient recharge that is complicated by climate variability (i.e., droughts), depletion of subsurface aquifers has become a dire environmental consequence that is being observed globally in arid and semi-arid regions with highly variable precipitation (e.g., [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]). Generally, various aspects of the hydrologic cycle, such as snow pack and soil moisture, have been impacted by increasing temperatures and more variable precipitation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Satellite observations of Earth's gravity field from GRACE are processed routinely into estimates of surface mass change and can provide information about basin-scale dynamics of groundwater. GRACE mass change estimates can be combined with other hydrologic information, such as model simulations or in situ observations, to infer groundwater changes (e.g., [7,[11][12][13]29,30]). For example, information on snow and soil moisture can be obtained from high-resolution land surface models, and reservoir storage information can be obtained by local water managers, and this information can be helpful to estimate groundwater dynamics derived from the GRACE satellites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cascading Dynamics of the Hydrologic Cycle in California Explored through Observations and Model Simulations

et al. 2020

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As drought occurs in a region it can have cascading effects through the water cycle. In this study, we explore the temporal co-evolution of various components of the hydrologic cycle in California from 2002 to 2018. We combine information from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites, the North American Land Data Assimilation System (NLDAS) suite of models, and the California Department of Water Resources (DWR) reservoir levels to analyze dynamics of Total Water Storage (TWS), soil moisture, snow pack, large reservoir storage, and ultimately, groundwater. For TWS, a trend of −2 cm/yr is observed during the entire time period of our analysis; however, this rate increases to about −5 cm/yr during drought periods (2006−2010 and 2012−2016). Results indicate that the majority of the loss in TWS is caused by groundwater depletion. Using proper error accounting, we are able to identify the start, the peak, and the ending of the drought periods for each individual water state variable in the study domain. We show that snow and soil moisture are impacted earlier and recover faster than surface water and groundwater. The annual and year-to-year dynamics shown in our results portray a clear cascading effect of the hydrologic cycle on the scale of 8−16 months.

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“…Additionally, other variables in the hydrologic cycle are also impacted by a changing climate, such as soil moisture or snow packs, which are affected by increasing temperatures and precipitation variability [7][8][9]. The effects of unsustainable use of groundwater resources and resultant groundwater depletion have been observed through satellite measurements and/or model simulations in many systems of the world [6,[10][11][12], but consistent monitoring of groundwater is still lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Groundwater Depletion Signals in the Beqaa Plain, Lebanon: Evidence from GRACE and Sentinel-1 Data

et al. 2021

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Regions with high productivity of agriculture, such as the Beqaa Plain, Lebanon, often rely on groundwater supplies for irrigation demand. Recent reports have indicated that groundwater consumption in this region has been unsustainable, and quantifying rates of groundwater depletion has remained a challenge. Here, we utilize 15 years of data (June 2002–April 2017) from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite mission to show Total Water Storage (TWS) changes in Lebanon’s Beqaa Plain. We then obtain complimentary information on various hydrologic cycle variables, such as soil moisture storage, snow water equivalent, and canopy water storage from the Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS) model, and surface water data from the largest body of water in this region, the Qaraaoun Reservoir, to disentangle the TWS signal and calculate groundwater storage changes. After combining the information from the remaining hydrologic cycle variables, we determine that the majority of the losses in TWS are due to groundwater depletion in the Beqaa Plain. Results show that the rate of groundwater storage change in the West Beqaa is nearly +0.08 cm/year, in the Rashaya District is −0.01 cm/year, and in the Zahle District the level of depletion is roughly −1.10 cm/year. Results are confirmed using Sentinel-1 interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) data, which provide high-precision measurements of land subsidence changes caused by intense groundwater usage. Furthermore, data from local monitoring wells are utilized to further showcase the significant drop in groundwater level that is occurring through much of the region. For monitoring groundwater storage changes, our recommendation is to combine various data sources, and in areas where groundwater measurements are lacking, we especially recommend the use of data from remote sensing.

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Monitoring Groundwater Change in California’s Central Valley Using Sentinel-1 and GRACE Observations

Cited by 51 publications

References 45 publications

Groundwater Storage Changes Derived from GRACE and GLDAS on Smaller River Basins—A Case Study in Poland

Groundwater Storage Changes Derived from GRACE and GLDAS on Smaller River Basins—A Case Study in Poland

Cascading Dynamics of the Hydrologic Cycle in California Explored through Observations and Model Simulations

Groundwater Depletion Signals in the Beqaa Plain, Lebanon: Evidence from GRACE and Sentinel-1 Data

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