Monitoring Groningen Sea Ports : non-indigenous species and risks from ballast water in Eemshaven and Delfzijl

Slijkerman, D.M.E.; Glorius, S.T.; Gittenberger, A.; Weide, B.E. van der; Bos, O.G.; Rensing, M.; Groot, G.A. de

doi:10.18174/417717

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Finally, a list of 29 NIS present in the Port of Leixões was for the first time compiled in this work (27 NIS from metabarcoding and 2 NIS from morphological approach), after comparing our outputs with the ICES, ISSG, GISD, CABI, AquaNIS and NEMESIS databases. Currently, baseline studies of biofouling monitoring programs are being globally conducted and implemented at ports 19 as the colonization analysis and identification of biofouling species will facilitate the development of antifouling strategies 94 . However, future improvements are needed for the implementation of these approaches as part of the routine port species monitorization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of biofouling communities in a Portuguese port using a combined morphological and metabarcoding approach

Azevedo

Antunes

Machado

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Marine biofouling remains an unsolved problem with a serious economic impact on several marine associated industries and constitutes a major vector for the spread of non-indigenous species (NIS). the implementation of biofouling monitoring programs allows for better fouling management and also for the early identification of NIS. However, few monitoring studies have used recent methods, such as metabarcoding, that can significantly enhance the detection of those species. Here, we employed monthly monitoring of biofouling growth on stainless steel plates in the Atlantic port of Leixões (Northern Portugal), over one year to test the effect of commercial anti-corrosion paint in the communities. Fouling organisms were identified by combining morpho-taxonomy identification with community DNA metabarcoding using multiple markers (16S rRNA, 18S rRNA, 23S rRNA, and COI genes). The dominant colonizers found at this location were hard foulers, namely barnacles and mussels, while other groups of organisms such as cnidarians, bryozoans, and ascidians were also abundant. Regarding the temporal dynamics of the fouling communities, there was a progressive increase in the colonization of cyanobacteria, green algae, and red algae during the sampled period with the replacement of less abundant groups. The tested anticorrosion paint demonstrated to have a significant prevention effect against the biofouling community resulting in a biomass reduction. Our study also reports, for the first time, 29 NIS in this port, substantiating the need for the implementation of recurring biofouling monitoring programs in ports and harbours. Marine biofouling organisms colonize immersed surfaces and form communities on diverse biogenic habitats 1,2. This colonization process is most intense in coastal or shallow waters, where species diversity, temperatures, nutrient levels, and availability of submerged substrata are usually higher compared to offshore areas 3. Biofouling represents a major economic issue for maritime industries and it raises important environmental concerns due to increased drag, exhaust emissions, and operational costs 4,5 while creating also the potential for invasion by non-indigenous species (NIS) 6-8. Stainless steel surfaces are frequently used as a material in vessels, port installation surfaces, cooling water circuits, ships or related equipment, and are known to be extensively colonized by fouling organisms when submerged in water 9,10. Biofouling monitoring programs are therefore essential to help in the understanding and mitigation of such negative impacts. Until recently, the diversity of biofouling organisms has been mainly assessed through morphological identification 11. However, the implementation of methods that allow for earlier and more comprehensive detection of the micro-and macro-fouler colonizers is desirable 12,13. Metabarcoding approaches are useful to validate species identification based on morphological traits, with the possibility of "sight-unseen" detection of target species 14,15 , and detecting of...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of biofouling communities in a Portuguese port using a combined morphological and metabarcoding approach

Azevedo

Antunes

Machado

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…For example, some were in accordance with national legislation [14] focused on minimising the risk of shellfish transports introducing alien species that may negatively impact the Natura 2000 values of the Wadden Sea and Oosterschelde, in the north and south of The Netherlands, respectively (Figure 1). In addition to the inland water systems, various baseline studies have been carried out since 2014 in ports, viz., in the main ports of Vlissingen, Rotterdam, IJmuiden, Den Helder, and Eemshaven [25][26][27][28][29]. These studies were primarily conducted following the OSPAR/HELCOM port survey protocol, as developed in 2013 [30] in support of evaluating the possibilities for exemptions to the Ballast Water Convention, which came into force in 2017 and will be effective in 2024.…”

Section: Marine Alien Species Detection Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-Indigenous Species Dynamics in Time and Space within the Coastal Waters of The Netherlands

Gittenberger

Rensing²,

Faasse

et al. 2023

Diversity

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Information on temporal and spatial trends with regard to the introduction of non-indigenous species (NIS) is often sparsely available. These trends may potentially help improve the design and focus of monitoring programs, give insights into new pathways and hotspots, and facilitate horizon scanning. We provide an overview of 215 marine and brackish water NIS recorded in The Netherlands. Temporal trends over the most recent three decades for taxonomic groups, species origin, introduction vectors, and water systems were analysed. We attempt to explain the observed patterns and discuss factors that hamper their explanation. A shift in the region of origin from Pacific to W Atlantic can potentially be linked to legislation prohibiting Pacific oyster imports, whereas a subsequent shift backwards cannot. Case studies illustrate that NIS may not be first detected in the water systems where they were originally introduced. Additionally, it is shown that changes in allegedly native species’ distribution or seasonal pattern should be linked to an introduced cryptic NIS instead. We also discuss the shortcomings of monitoring programs that were originally not focused on NIS, the importance of naturalists’ observations, and the added value of a more recent network that is focused on NIS detection in the coastal waters of The Netherlands.

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“…DNA metabarcoding sample analysis consisted of the analysis of DNA markers 18S and C01 (Slijkerman et al, 2017). Statistical analysis of (meta)barcoding was used to relate results to the international DNA libraries (e.g.…”

Section: Dna Metabarcodingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aliens on the Svalbard beach

Brink¹,

Renaud²,

Kukliński³

et al. 2021

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Monitoring Groningen Sea Ports : non-indigenous species and risks from ballast water in Eemshaven and Delfzijl

Abstract: International shipping comprises an environmental risk: import of ecosystem foreign, and potentially harmful and disease-causing organisms, called non-indigenous species (NIS). One of the main vectors of introduction of NIS in ports is discharged ballast water of ships.

Cited by 5 publications

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Monitoring of biofouling communities in a Portuguese port using a combined morphological and metabarcoding approach

Monitoring of biofouling communities in a Portuguese port using a combined morphological and metabarcoding approach

Non-Indigenous Species Dynamics in Time and Space within the Coastal Waters of The Netherlands

Aliens on the Svalbard beach

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