Monitoring critical temperatures in permanent magnet synchronous motors using low-order thermal models

Huber, Tobias; Peters, Wilhelm; Böcker, Joachim

doi:10.1109/ipec.2014.6869785

Cited by 45 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In general, two to five nodes are selected to predict the temperature in the most dominant hear paths. The parameter identification of the thermal model is realized based on the experimental data from the sensor [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25]. Compared with the modelling of the dark gray-box LPTN, the light gray-box LPTNs take more heat paths into consideration.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simplified Thermal Model and Online Temperature Estimation Method of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

Zhu

Xiao

et al. 2019

Applied Sciences

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Monitoring critical temperatures in permanent magnet synchronous motors is crucial for improving working reliability. Aiming at resolving the difficulty in online temperature estimation, an accurate and simple five-node lumped parameter thermal network (LPTN) is proposed and the mathematical model of the LPTN is built. Both radial and axial heat transfer paths inside the motor are considered to model the complete thermal circuit. In addition, an innovative parameter identification method based on multiple linear regression is applied to identify the parameters of the LPTN model. The parameters in the state equation are identified instead of the data of the motor, which are strongly dependent on the material and geometrical parameters. Finally, an open-loop estimation scheme based on the state equation and Kalman filter algorithm is adopted to predict the motor temperature online. The model performances are validated by extensive experiments under varying speed and torque conditions in terms of the accuracy and robustness. The results indicate that the temperature estimation error is within the range of ±5 • C in most cases and the proposed model can quickly follow the load variation. Besides, the online temperature estimation scheme and parameter identification method are easy and convenient to implement in an embedded system, which is feasible in automobile applications. Appl. Sci. 2019, 9, 3158 2 of 18 permanent magnet but also changed the transient resistance of the rotor. If the transient resistance of the rotor can be obtained, the temperature of the rotor can be obtained indirectly. Therefore, when the rotor transient impedance was observed under the condition of high-frequency voltage, the rotor temperature information can be obtained by the relationship between the transient resistance and the temperature [12].However, the above-mentioned methods have some drawbacks. FEM has high estimation accuracy, but this method depends on the motor geometry, material properties, and boundary conditions, resulting in complex calculation and longer computing times. Thus, it can only be used for off-line analysis in the motor temperature field. Although the motor rotor temperature estimation algorithm based on rotor flux linkage is simple and easy to conduct, it is only able to predict the rotor temperature. In addition, the estimation accuracy depends on the observation accuracy of the rotor flux linkage, and the change of the flux linkage caused by temperature is not completely linear. Therefore, it is difficult to obtain a more accurate estimation of the rotor temperature. Compared with the method based on the rotor flux observation, the advantage of the approach based on the high frequency injection is that the change in rotor transient impedance is easier to detect. However, the injected high frequency signal may bring additional rotor loss, causing an increase in temperature.A suitable alternative to monitor motor temperature is lumped parameter thermal networks (LPTNs). This thermal network model is a simplifi...

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confidence: 99%

A Simplified Thermal Model and Online Temperature Estimation Method of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

Zhu

Xiao

et al. 2019

Applied Sciences

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“…Due to the small voltage magnitude at low speeds the sensitivity of the observer even towards minor voltage acquisition errors is high resulting in an increased error in the observed rotor temperature. As the risk of further rotor temperature increases is low and as the rotor temperature dynamics are diminished at low speeds [3] this observer behaviour is acceptable for the usage in motorcar applications. For the depicted figure, the observed temperature lies in a band of ±10 K around the measured temperature and the highest error occurs only at low speeds while it drops clearly below ±5 K for medium and higher speeds.…”

Section: Measurement Results Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the low thermal dynamics in traction applications, it is sufficient to activate the observer occasionally. Additionally, the rotor temperature does not rise in the low speed range by tendency, since the rotor iron losses and the thermal air gap conductance increase with the speed [3] [5] [13]. As Moreover, in Fig.…”

Section: Measurement Results Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are mainly two approaches: In [2] and [3] appropriate model structures representing the dominant heat-flow paths in the machine are defined in advance and 978-1-4799-2705-0/14/$31.00 ©2014 IEEE 1501 parameters are identified based on measurement data, whereas in [4] and [5] the reduced model structure is derived analytically by calculating thermal parameters based on construction data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determination of rotor temperature for an interior permanent magnet synchronous machine using a precise flux observer

Specht

Wallscheid

Böcker

2014

2014 International Power Electronics Conference (IPEC-Hiroshima 2014 - ECCE ASIA)

Self Cite

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In this paper an enhanced method to de termine the rotor temperature of permanent magnet syn chronous machines during dynamic operations is presented.The approach is based on a fundamental wave flux observer and is therefore independent of coolant conditions to a large extend. This contribution continues the work presented earlier, where the temperature observer was introduced for steady state operation in exemplary operating points.Hence, an extension to dynamic operation in a wide speed and torque range is proposed. Consequently, the focus now lies on a discrete-time machine modelling as well as on the parameter identification. Measurement results prove the satisfying performance of the observer.

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“…Also, the conversion of electromechanical energy in electric motors induces losses which are transformed into calorific energy. This results in an increase of the temperature inside the motor [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal modeling of permanent magnet motor with finite element method

Chaïeb

Hadj

Kammoun

et al. 2014

2014 15th International Conference on Sciences and Techniques of Automatic Control and Computer Engineering (STA)

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As good candidates driving motors of electric vehicle, permanent magnet motors (PMM) exhibit high efficiency and high power density. On the other hand, they are susceptible to suffer irreversible demagnetization and insulation failure of coils under severe thermal condition. In this context, to develop more efficient PMM, it is a necessity to carry out more thermal analysis in parallel with the traditional electromagnetic design. In this Paper, The thermal behavior over the cross-section of PMM is calculated analytically and after that, it is simulated by using finite element method.Firstly, a thermal analytical model is produced. Second, this model has been validated by simulation into the design program called FEMM. Finally, the obtained results confirm that the developed thermal model is capable of a sufficient degree of accuracy in the thermal design of PMM. Also, it has been found that the thermal design can be rewarded by major improvements in the overall performance.

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Monitoring critical temperatures in permanent magnet synchronous motors using low-order thermal models

Cited by 45 publications

References 7 publications

A Simplified Thermal Model and Online Temperature Estimation Method of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

A Simplified Thermal Model and Online Temperature Estimation Method of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

Determination of rotor temperature for an interior permanent magnet synchronous machine using a precise flux observer

Thermal modeling of permanent magnet motor with finite element method

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