Monitoring chloramines and bromamines in a humid environment using selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry

Hu, Wan‐Ping; Langford, Vaughan S.; McEwan, Murray J.; Milligan, Daniel B.; Storer, Malina; Dummer, Jack; Epton, Michael

doi:10.1002/rcm.4570

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…From the reconstructed signal, as we use chemical ionization, it is possible to evaluate the concentration of the permeate gas knowing the capture rate constant k C [18]. We used the value calculated by Senthiloman et al [17]: k = 3.0 × 10 −9 cm 3 ·s −1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two compact FTICR mass spectrometers have been used: Btrap2, for the study on different precursors, and MICRA (mobile ICR analyzer) [18] for the other experiments. Btrap2 is an instrument developed by AlyXan (Juvisy-sur-Orge, France): it is fully automated and uses a 1 T permanent magnet.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemical ionization, alternatively by O 2 + , NO + and H 3 O + , in a SIFT-MS instrument was used. The same group presented a heated system to improve signal a few years later [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence of Reactivity in the Membrane for the Unstable Monochloramine during MIMS Analysis

Louarn

Asri-Idlibi

Leprovost

et al. 2018

Sensors

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Membrane Inlet Mass Spectrometry (MIMS) was used to analyze monochloramine solutions (NH2Cl) and ammonia solutions in a compact FTICR. Chemical ionization enables identification and quantification of the products present in the permeate. The responses of protonated monochloramine and ammonium increase linearly with the solution concentration. The enrichments were respectively 1.2 and 5.5. Pervaporation is dependent on pH and only the basic form of ammonia NH3 pervaporates through the membrane. Unexpectedly, the small ammonia molecule permeated very slowly. It could be due to interactions with water molecules inside the membrane that create clusters. Moreover, NH2Cl solutions, in addition to the NH3Cl+ signal, presented a strong NH4+ signal at m/z 18.034. Ammonia presence in the low-pressure zone before ionization is probable as NH4+ was detected with all the precursors used, particularly CF3+ and trimethylbenzene that presents a proton affinity higher than monochloramine. Ammonia may be formed inside the membrane due to the fact that NH2Cl is unstable and may react with the water present in the membrane. Those results highlight the need for caution when dealing with chloramines in MIMS and more generally with unstable molecules.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence of Reactivity in the Membrane for the Unstable Monochloramine during MIMS Analysis

Louarn

Asri-Idlibi

Leprovost

et al. 2018

Sensors

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“…21,80,187 A chart of some successful areas of application that have been piloted is given in Table 3. Extension of SIFT-MS to other areas of ambient analysis is an on-going procedure as we, and others (notably Ross and co-workers, 60,69,[188][189][190] Turner and coworkers, 186,191 food scientists at Ohio State University 192 and McEwan and co-workers [61][62][63][193][194][195][196] ) continuously recognize the value of real time SIFT-MS analyses.…”

Section: Some Other Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ambient analysis of trace compounds in gaseous media by SIFT-MS

Smith

Španěl

2011

Analyst

105

154

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The topic of ambient gas analysis has been rapidly developed in the last few years with the evolution of the exciting new techniques such as DESI, DART and EESI. The essential feature of all is that analysis of trace gases can be accomplished either in the gas phase or those released from surfaces, crucially avoiding sample collection or modification. In this regard, selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry, SIFT-MS, also performs ambient analyses both accurately and rapidly. In this focused review we describe the underlying ion chemistry underpinning SIFT-MS through a discourse on the reactions of different classes of organic and inorganic molecules with H(3)O(+), NO(+) and O(2)(+)˙ studied using the SIFT technique. Rate coefficients and ion products of these reactions facilitate absolute SIFT-MS analyses and can also be useful for the interpretation of data obtained by the other ambient analysis methods mentioned above. The essential physics and flow dynamics of SIFT-MS are described that, together with the reaction kinetics, allow SIFT-MS to perform absolute ambient analyses of trace compounds in humid atmospheric air, exhaled breath and the headspace of aqueous liquids. Several areas of research that, through pilot experiments, are seen to benefit from ambient gas analysis using SIFT-MS are briefly reviewed. Special attention is given to exhaled breath and urine headspace analysis directed towards clinical diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring, and some other areas researched using SIFT-MS are summarised. Finally, extensions to current areas of application and indications of other directions in which SIFT-MS can be exploited for ambient analysis are alluded to.

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“…Recently we reported an improved SIFT-MS method for the measurement of mono-and di-chloramine and monobromamine in humid samples such as breath [8]. Earlier SIFT-MS analysis [2] had not taken into account the water cluster product ions of some common breath volatiles (NH 3 , CH 3 OH, CH 3 COCH 3 and CH 3 CO 2 H) that are isobaric with the product ions of the haloamines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased concentrations of breath haloamines are not detectable in airways inflammation using SIFT-MS

Storer¹,

Dummer²,

Cook³

et al. 2011

J. Breath Res.

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The haloamines, including the chloramines (H(2)NCl, HNCl(2)) and bromamine (H(2)NBr), are diffusible gases that are likely to be produced during inflammation and so may be present as markers of lung inflammation on breath. Although haloamines are quite reactive, it is possible to measure these compounds in humid samples using SIFT-MS. Until recently the quantification of haloamines in breath suffered from interference from other common breath compounds. This was overcome by heating the flow tube which removed major water cluster product ions. Despite the improvements to the method, previous attempts to measure the haloamines in breath samples from normal volunteers had found no evidence to support their presence. Since it is proposed that the haloamines may be present in higher concentrations during airways inflammation we have attempted to detect the compounds in the exhaled breath of patients with airways inflammatory conditions. On-line and off-line breath samples were analyzed; however, there was no discernable change to any of product ions when compared to ambient air or normal subjects. This suggests that despite sensitivity in the mid part per trillion range haloamines are not significantly raised in airways inflammation.

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Monitoring chloramines and bromamines in a humid environment using selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry

Cited by 8 publications

References 16 publications

Evidence of Reactivity in the Membrane for the Unstable Monochloramine during MIMS Analysis

Evidence of Reactivity in the Membrane for the Unstable Monochloramine during MIMS Analysis

Ambient analysis of trace compounds in gaseous media by SIFT-MS

Increased concentrations of breath haloamines are not detectable in airways inflammation using SIFT-MS

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