Monitoring Changes in Water Use Efficiency to Understand Drought Induced Tree Mortality

Malone, Sparkle L.

doi:10.3390/f8100365

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…They have strong effects on the local climate (Li et al, 2015), by interacting with biogeochemical water cycles (Ellison et al, 2017). When forest trees die or forests are cleared across large-scale landscapes, the negative consequences of drought are aggravated (Allen et al, 2015; Reyer et al, 2015), as shown for many areas world-wide (Laurance, 1998, 2004; van der Werf et al, 2008; Malone, 2017). Over-utilization of forests as a feedstock for energy, construction materials, or the generation of value-added products for the chemical industries, intensifies the problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Drought Resistance in Forest Trees

et al. 2019

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Climatic stresses limit plant growth and productivity. In the past decade, tree improvement programs were mainly focused on yield but it is obvious that enhanced stress resistance is also required. In this review we highlight important drought avoidance and tolerance mechanisms in forest trees. Genomes of economically important trees species with divergent resistance mechanisms can now be exploited to uncover the mechanistic basis of long-term drought adaptation at the whole plant level. Molecular tree physiology indicates that osmotic adjustment, antioxidative defense and increased water use efficiency are important targets for enhanced drought tolerance at the cellular and tissue level. Recent biotechnological approaches focused on overexpression of genes involved in stress sensing and signaling, such as the abscisic acid core pathway, and down-stream transcription factors. By this strategy, a suite of defense systems was recruited, generally enhancing drought and salt stress tolerance under laboratory conditions. However, field studies are still scarce. Under field conditions trees are exposed to combinations of stresses that vary in duration and magnitude. Variable stresses may overrule the positive effect achieved by engineering an individual defense pathway. To assess the usability of distinct modifications, large-scale experimental field studies in different environments are necessary. To optimize the balance between growth and defense, the use of stress-inducible promoters may be useful. Future improvement programs for drought resistance will benefit from a better understanding of the intricate networks that ameliorate molecular and ecological traits of forest trees.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Drought Resistance in Forest Trees

et al. 2019

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“…Monthly scPDSI data made available through the Western Regional Climate Center ranges from −6.0 to 6.0. The number shows the magnitude and the sign denotes (+) wetter than average or (−) drier than average conditions for a location based on historical climate and sensitivity to changes in water availability [ 43 , 44 , 45 ]. Values of scPDSI between −0.4 and 0.4 denote average conditions, and absolute values greater than 4 represent extreme conditions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of Salt Marsh Plant Rhizosphere Diazotroph Assemblages to Drought

2018

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Drought has many consequences in the tidally dominated Spartina sp. salt marshes of the southeastern US; including major dieback events, changes in sediment chemistry and obvious changes in the landscape. These coastal systems tend to be highly productive, yet many salt marshes are also nitrogen limited and depend on plant associated diazotrophs as their source of ‘new’ nitrogen. A 4-year study was conducted to investigate the structure and composition of the rhizosphere diazotroph assemblages associated with 5 distinct plant zones in one such salt marsh. A period of greatly restricted tidal inundation and precipitation, as well as two periods of drought (June–July 2004, and May 2007) occurred during the study. DGGE of nifH PCR amplicons from rhizosphere samples, Principal Components Analysis of the resulting banding patterns, and unconstrained ordination analysis of taxonomic data and environmental parameters were conducted. Diazotroph assemblages were organized into 5 distinct groups (R2 = 0.41, p value < 0.001) whose presence varied with the environmental conditions of the marsh. Diazotroph assemblage group detection differed during and after the drought event, indicating that persistent diazotrophs maintained populations that provided reduced supplies of new nitrogen for vegetation during the periods of drought.

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“…ac. uk/ cru/ data/ droug ht/) (Malone 2017;Osborn et al 2016;Osborn et al 2017). In this study, annual of scPDSI was calculated by monthly means of scPDSI.…”

Section: Gpp Et and Scpdsi Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial heterogeneity of changes in cropland ecosystem water use efficiency and responses to drought in China

Zhao

Cheng

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Understanding cropland ecosystem water use efficiency (eWUE) responses to drought is important for sustainable water resource management and food security. Today in China, the spatiotemporal patterns of eWUE and responses to drought across different cropland classes remain poorly quantified. In this study, we characterized the spatial temporal variability in cropland eWUE and response to drought in China from 1982 to 2017 using the satellite-retrieved evapotranspiration (ET), gross primary production (GPP), and self-calibrating Palmer Drought Severity Index (scPDSI), in conjunction with the Global Food Security-support Analysis Data product for Crop Dominance (GFSAD1KCD) data. Results indicated that (1) mean annual cropland eWUE had a spatial range from 0 to 9.94 g C kg -1 H 2 O, with higher values (2.06 g C kg -1 H 2 O) in class 4 (rainfed: wheat, rice, and soybeans dominant), whereas the lowest eWUE (1.58 g C kg -1 H 2 O) occurred in class 2 (irrigated mixed crop 1: wheat, rice, barley, and soybeans). ( 2) Annual eWUE, GPP, and ET values for croplands in China increased significantly between 1982 and 2017. Class 1 (irrigated wheat and rice) had the highest trend of 0.011 g C kg -1 H 2 O yr -1 , and class 6 (rainfed: corn and soybeans) had the lowest of 0.0007 g C kg -1 H 2 O yr -1 . Apart from class 4, annual GPP and ET were enhanced in most cropland classes from 1982 to 2017 (p<0.01). (3) Rainfed croplands generally had higher eWUE, GPP, and ET values than irrigated croplands. Except for rainfed cropland eWUE, all other cropland variables increased significantly (p<0.001) from 1982 to 2017. (4) Correlation analysis found that the 19.66% (15.62%) of cropland had significant negative (positive) correlations between eWUE and current-year scPDSI. The legacy effects of drought on cropland eWUE indicated that previous and current-year drought impacts on cropland eWUE were in the same direction. Our results provide insights into variability in cropland eWUE and its response to drought in China, where there is a growing demand for agricultural water resource management.

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Monitoring Changes in Water Use Efficiency to Understand Drought Induced Tree Mortality

Cited by 13 publications

References 70 publications

Engineering Drought Resistance in Forest Trees

Engineering Drought Resistance in Forest Trees

Responses of Salt Marsh Plant Rhizosphere Diazotroph Assemblages to Drought

Spatial heterogeneity of changes in cropland ecosystem water use efficiency and responses to drought in China

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