Monitoring changes in physical performance with heart rate measures in young soccer players

Buchheit, Martin; Simpson, Mark; Haddad, Hani Al; Bourdon, Pitre C.; Méndez-Villanueva, Alberto

doi:10.1007/s00421-011-2014-0

Cited by 166 publications

(172 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(105 reference statements)

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“…45 The use of HRex and HRR in healthy athletes to predict changes in performance or fatigue should be treated with caution and interpreted together with other measures of fatigue, such as perceived ratings of wellness. 14,50 As a consequence, if HRderived assessments of fatigue/adaptation are to be effective in team sports, a higher volume of assessments may be required as previously discussed. However, undertaking such measures may prove difficult with the large volume of athletes engaged in team sports.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Changes in Acute Training Load on Daily Sensitivity of Morning-Measured Fatigue Variables in Elite Soccer Players

Thorpe¹,

Strudwick²,

Buchheit³

et al. 2017

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance

106

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Purpose:To determine the sensitivity of a range of potential fatigue measures to daily training load accumulated over the previous 2, 3, and 4 d during a short in-season competitive period in elite senior soccer players (N = 10). Methods: Total highspeed-running distance, perceived ratings of wellness (fatigue, muscle soreness, sleep quality), countermovement-jump height (CMJ), submaximal heart rate (HRex), postexercise heart-rate recovery (HRR), and heart-rate variability (HRV: Ln rMSSD) were analyzed during an in-season competitive period (17 d). General linear models were used to evaluate the influence of 2-, 3-, and 4-d total high-speed-running-distance accumulation on fatigue measures. Results: Fluctuations in perceived ratings of fatigue were correlated with fluctuations in total high-speed-running-distance accumulation covered on the previous 2 d (r = -.31; small), 3 d (r = -.42; moderate), and 4 d (r = -.28; small) (P < .05). Changes in HRex (r = .28; small; P = .02) were correlated with changes in 4-d total high-speed-running-distance accumulation only. Correlations between variability in muscle soreness, sleep quality, CMJ, HRR%, and HRV and total high-speed-running distance were negligible and not statistically significant for all accumulation training loads. Conclusions: Perceived ratings of fatigue and HRex were sensitive to fluctuations in acute total high-speed-running-distance accumulation, although sensitivity was not systematically influenced by the number of previous days over which the training load was accumulated. The present findings indicate that the sensitivity of morning-measured fatigue variables to changes in training load is generally not improved when compared with training loads beyond the previous day's training. Keywords: training, performance, wellness, recoveryThe locomotor demands of elite soccer have progressively increased in recent years. 1,2 Since leading teams are also required to compete in a high number of matches over the course of season, 3 implementation of effective recovery strategies are paramount to avoid the debilitating effects associated with overtraining and injury. 4 Increasing attention in the literature has therefore focused on evaluating the effectiveness of a range of monitoring tools that may serve as valid indicators of fatigue status of athletes. 5 For the purpose of this manuscript, fatigue will be defined as an inability to complete a task that was once achievable within a recent time frame. 6 Recent research has examined the sensitivity of potential measures of fatigue to daily fluctuations in training load in Australian Rules Football (AFL). 7,8 In AFL players, perceived ratings of wellness, 7,8 submaximal heart rate (HRex), 7 and an index (LnSD1) of vagal-related heart-rate variability (HRV) 7 were sensitive to the fluctuations in daily training load during a preseason training period. Similarly, in elite soccer players competing in the English Premier League (EPL), 9 both rating of perceived fatigue and vagal related HRV measure Ln rMSSD were mo...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Changes in Acute Training Load on Daily Sensitivity of Morning-Measured Fatigue Variables in Elite Soccer Players

Thorpe¹,

Strudwick²,

Buchheit³

et al. 2017

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance

106

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“…These noninvasive and non-exhaustive measures of assessing submaximal aerobic capabilities, despite some reported limitations (9) are considered an index of cardiorespiratory fitness, which is strongly correlated with running performance (7,9). In a study with The similar responses among iTL measures suggest that these markers represent a similar construct.…”

Section: A C C E P T E Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring Training Loads in Professional Basketball Players Engaged in a Periodized Training Program

Aoki

Ronda

Marcelino

et al. 2017

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

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The aims of this study were to investigate the dynamics of external (eTL) and internal (iTL) training loads during seasonal periods and examine the effect of a periodized training programme on physical performance in professional basketball players.Repeated measures for 9 players (28±6 yr; 199±8 cm; 101±12 kg) were collected from 45 training sessions, over a 6-wk pre-season phase and a 5-wk in-season phase.Physical tests were conducted at baseline (T1), week 4 (T2) and week 9 (T3).Differences in means are presented as % ± Confident Limits (CL). A very likely difference was observed during in-season compared to pre-season for the eTL variables measured by GPS: mechanical load (13.5±8.8) and peak acceleration .

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“…25 The use of HRex in healthy athletes to predict negative effects in performance or fatigue should be treated with caution and interpreted together with other potential measures of fatigue such as ASRM. 28,32 …”

Section: Submaximal Heart Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring Fatigue Status in Elite Team-Sport Athletes: Implications for Practice

Thorpe¹,

Atkinson²,

Drust³

et al. 2017

International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance

206

229

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The increase in competition demands in elite team sports over recent years has prompted much attention from researchers and practitioners to the monitoring of adaptation and fatigue in athletes. Monitoring fatigue and gaining an understanding of athlete status may also provide insights and beneficial information pertaining to player availability, injury, and illness risk. Traditional methods used to quantify recovery and fatigue in team sports, such as maximal physical-performance assessments, may not be feasible to detect variations in fatigue status throughout competitive periods. Faster, simpler, and nonexhaustive tests such as athlete self-report measures, autonomic nervous system response via heart-rate-derived indices, and to a lesser extent, jump protocols may serve as promising tools to quantify and establish fatigue status in elite team-sport athletes. The robust rationalization and precise detection of a meaningful fluctuation in these measures are of paramount importance for practitioners working alongside athletes and coaches on a daily basis. There are various methods for arriving at a minimal clinically important difference, but these have been rarely adopted by sport scientists and practitioners. The implementation of appropriate, reliable, and sensitive measures of fatigue can provide important information to key stakeholders in team-sport environments. Future research is required to investigate the sensitivity of these tools to fundamental indicators such as performance, injury, and illness.Keywords: training, performance, wellness, recovery, injury, illness Elite team-sport athletes, particularly those in the professional football codes, are exposed to high competition loads, particularly in recent years. These high loads reflect a number of factors, including an increased frequency of domestic competitions, particularly for higher-level athletes, as well as a higher intensity of competition due to enhanced player preparation strategies. 1 Higher loads may also result from the increased demands of international competition during both the domestic season and the off-season period.An increased availability of athletes for selection, as a result of a reduction in injuries, substantially increases a team's chance of success. 2 Therefore, injury prevention strategies are fundamental to the work of the athlete's support team. Routine modifications in training load (frequency, duration, intensity) occur during the training cycle and these subsequently increase or decrease fatigue. Management of fatigue is important in mediating adaption to training and ensuring the athlete is prepared for competition, 3 as well as for reducing the athletes' susceptibility to nonfunctional overreaching, injury, and illness. 4 The importance of managing athlete fatigue has led to an increase in interest in monitoring athlete loads, particularly in terms of the measures which may offer insights into whether the athlete is adapting positively or negatively to the collective stresses of training and competition. In the pr...

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Monitoring changes in physical performance with heart rate measures in young soccer players

Cited by 166 publications

References 50 publications

The Influence of Changes in Acute Training Load on Daily Sensitivity of Morning-Measured Fatigue Variables in Elite Soccer Players

The Influence of Changes in Acute Training Load on Daily Sensitivity of Morning-Measured Fatigue Variables in Elite Soccer Players

Monitoring Training Loads in Professional Basketball Players Engaged in a Periodized Training Program

Monitoring Fatigue Status in Elite Team-Sport Athletes: Implications for Practice

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