Monitoring and Risk Analysis of PAHs in the Environment

Hussain, Karishma; Hoque, Raza Rafiqul; Balachandran, S.; Medhi, Subhash; Idris, Mohammad Ghaznavi; Rahman, Mirzanur; Hussain, Farhaz Liaquat

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-58538-3_29-2

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…4,5 Both PAHs and PFASs are found in the aquatic environment and may represent a significant threat to marine organisms. 6,7 Concentrations of PAHs as high as 10 μg/g dry weight of sediment have been previously reported in the Seine estuary, Normandy, France. 8 PFAS concentrations have been observed at ng/L and ng/g levels in surface waters and sediments, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are among the most common xenobiotics found in the environment. , PAHs are generally categorized into petrogenic and pyrogenic hydrocarbon groups, depending on whether they are produced by the incomplete combustion of petroleum or by an irreversible temperature-mediated change of chemical composition . PFASs have been used in a wide variety of products, including fire-fighting foams, ink, paper coating and textile, and as water repellents. , Both PAHs and PFASs are found in the aquatic environment and may represent a significant threat to marine organisms. , Concentrations of PAHs as high as 10 μg/g dry weight of sediment have been previously reported in the Seine estuary, Normandy, France . PFAS concentrations have been observed at ng/L and ng/g levels in surface waters and sediments, respectively. − Co-occurrence of both PAHs and PFASs at toxic levels has also been reported in tidal flats and coastal ecosystems of the Ariake Sea, Japan. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modulation of Neuro-Dopamine Homeostasis in Juvenile Female Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) Exposed to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Perfluoroalkyl Substances

Khan

Bertotto

Dale

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The dopaminergic effect of PAH and PFAS mixtures, prepared based on environmental levels has been studied in juvenile female Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua). Benzo[a]pyrene, dibenzothiophene, fluorene, naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene were used to prepare a PAH mixture, while PFNA, PFOA, PFOS and PFTrA were used to prepare PFAS mixture. Cod were injected intraperitoneally twice, with either a low (1x) or high dose (20x) of each compound mixture or various combinations. After two week of exposure, levels of plasma 17β-estradiol (E2) were significantly high in high PAH/high PFAS treated groups. Dopamine: metabolite ratios (DOPAC/dopamine and HVA+DOPAC/dopamine) in brain homogenate changes with the levels of E2 in plasma except for high PAH/low PFAS and low PAH/high PFAS treated groups. In general, th mRNA levels inversely correlated with dopamine: metabolite ratios and gnrh2 mRNA levels. Respective decreases and increases of dr1 and dr2a after exposure to the high PAH dose were observed. Whereas, high PFAS exposure decreased both drs, leading to high plasma E2 concentrations. Other investigated endpoints suggest that these compounds at different doses and combinations have different toxicity threshold and mode of actions. These effects indicate potential alternations in feedback signalling processes within dopaminergic pathway by these contaminants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of Neuro-Dopamine Homeostasis in Juvenile Female Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) Exposed to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Perfluoroalkyl Substances

Khan

Bertotto

Dale

et al. 2019

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one of the hazardous persistent organic pollutions (POPs) that are ubiquitous in air, soil, and sediments [ 1 , 2 ]. Due to their high potential to threaten human health with mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity, several remediation technologies, such as thermal desorption, soil washing, etc., have been developed to effectively remove them from soils, which are the major sink to PAHs [ 3 , 4 ]. PAHs are composed of fused benzene rings that contain hydrogen and carbon elements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of Naphthalene on Clay Minerals: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study

Chen¹,

Hu²

2022

Materials

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Naphthalene, as one of the representative polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, widely exists in contaminated sites and is a potential threat to human health due to its high mobility in soil. The interaction between naphthalene and clay minerals is of great significance to the environmental behavior of naphthalene and the design of remediation technology. In this study, montmorillonite and kaolinite were selected as representative clay minerals. Naphthalene adsorption behavior on mineral surfaces and water-wet kaolinite surfaces was investigated using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The interaction energy was calculated to represent the interaction between naphthalene and soil fractions, and the relative concentration and density distribution of naphthalene was analyzed to describe the distribution of naphthalene on the clay surfaces. The self-diffusion coefficient of naphthalene was obtained to represent its mobility under different water content. The electron density calculation was performed to reveal the different adsorption behavior of naphthalene on different surfaces of kaolinite. The simulation results show that montmorillonite had a stronger interaction with naphthalene due to larger electrostatic interaction energy compared to kaolinite, and naphthalene distributed more intensively on the montmorillonite surface. With regards to kaolinite, naphthalene tended to be absorbed on the alumina octahedral surface rather than the silicon tetrahedral surface due to the weak hydron bond interaction. The results indicate that water impeded the adsorption of naphthalene, and the optimal initial thickness of water film, which was 10 Å, was put forward for the application of thermal remediation technology. Furthermore, the average interaction energies between water and mineral surfaces largely depended on the water content, and the competitive adsorption between water and naphthalene only occurred under absorbed and bound water conditions. Overall, the knowledge of naphthalene–soil fractions interaction gained in this study is critical to the understanding of the environmental behavior of naphthalene and the reference for remediation technology.

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“…Per the International Union for Nature Conservation, the impact of these contaminants is considered high and this is reflected by the threat to more than 1141 species. 1 On the other hand, due to the visible contaminant impact on the air and water ecosystems, more emphasis has been given to air and water pollution by both scientific and nonscientific communities. Apart from major nuclear disasters, such as Fukushima Daiichi (2011) and Chernobyl (1986), and heavy metal contaminantion, such as Dzerzhinsk (Russia), Kabwa (Zambia), and La Oroya (Peru), a prevalent emphasis on the other sources of soil pollution is still needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surfactant‐aided mycoremediation of soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs): progress, limitation, and countermeasures

Rathankumar

Saikia

Kumar

et al. 2021

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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Soil contaminated with hydrophobic organic hydrocarbons, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), pose a serious threat to the ecosystem and human health. Moreover, the sorption and desorption of the PAHs, due to the interaction with the soil organic matter (SOM) and other contaminants, greatly affect the fate and mycoremediation efficiency of the contaminated soil. On the other hand, the application of surfactants with or without additives for the mobilization of PAHs from contaminated soil has garnered increasing attention for soil remediation. In this context, several commercial surfactants and biosurfactants were reported either as soil flushing agents or soil additives, followed by either in situ or ex situ mycoremediation of the PAHs from contaminated soil. Hence, for a successful implementation of surfactants for mycoremediation of contaminated soil, a comprehensive introspection on its chemistry and mechanism is necessary. Thus, this review focuses primarily on understanding the effect of surfactants and the mechanism of desorption of PAHs from the soil. This work also emphasizes the effect of surfactants on the efficiency of mycoremediation of contaminated soil. Further, the review summarizes various surfactant-assisted mycoremediation strategies of contaminated soil. Finally, the limitations of surfactant-assisted mycoremediation, precipitative, and partitioning loss, along with toxicity of the surfactants, were reviewed. Thus, this review will aid in understanding the underlying mechanism and efficiency of surfactant-assisted mycoremediation and it also proposes current research trends to improve the efficiency and enhance the bioremediation of PAHs-contaminated soil.

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Monitoring and Risk Analysis of PAHs in the Environment

Cited by 29 publications

References 154 publications

Modulation of Neuro-Dopamine Homeostasis in Juvenile Female Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) Exposed to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Perfluoroalkyl Substances

Modulation of Neuro-Dopamine Homeostasis in Juvenile Female Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) Exposed to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Perfluoroalkyl Substances

Adsorption of Naphthalene on Clay Minerals: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study

Surfactant‐aided mycoremediation of soil contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs): progress, limitation, and countermeasures

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