Monitoring and modelling of controlled motorways

Abou-Rahme, N; Beale, Stuart; Harbord, B; Hardman, E J

doi:10.1049/cp:20000110

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Variable speed limits lessen the number and severity of accidents on congested roads and are in use, for example, on the south-west quadrant of the M25. But variable speed limits do not avoid the loss of throughput caused by too high a density of vehicles [1,14]. Ramp metering (signals on slip roads to control access to the motorway) can limit the density of vehicles, and thus can avoid the loss of throughput [30,34,40,44].…”

Section: A Model Of a Controlled Motorwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy traffic on a controlled motorway

Kelly¹,

Williams²

2010

Probability and Mathematical Genetics

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Unlimited access to a motorway network can, in overloaded conditions, cause a loss of capacity. Ramp metering (signals on slip roads to control access to the motorway) can help avoid this loss of capacity. The design of ramp metering strategies has several features in common with the design of access control mechanisms in communication networks.Inspired by models and rate control mechanisms developed for Internet congestion control, we propose a Brownian network model as an approximate model for a controlled motorway and consider it operating under a proportionally fair ramp metering policy. We present an analysis of the performance of this model. AMS subject classification (MSC2010) 90B15, 90B20, 60K30 IntroductionThe study of heavy traffic in queueing systems began in the 1960s, with three pioneering papers by Kingman [26,27,28]. These papers, and the early work of Prohorov [35], Borovkov [5,6] and Iglehart [20], concerned a single resource. Since then there has been significant interest in networks of resources, with major advances by Harrison and Reiman [19], Reiman [37], Williams [43] and Bramson [7]. For discussions, further ref-erences and overviews of the very extensive literature on heavy traffic for networks, Williams [42], Bramson and Dai [8], Harrison [17, 18] and Whitt [41] are recommended.Research in this area is motivated in part by the need to understand and control the behaviour of communications, manufacturing and service networks, and thus to improve their design and performance. But researchers are also attracted by the elegance of some of the mathematical constructs: in particular, the multi-dimensional reflecting Brownian motions that often arise as limits.A question that arises in a wide variety of application areas concerns how flows through a network should be controlled, so that the network responds sensibly to varying conditions. Road traffic was an area of interest to early researchers [33], and more recently the question has been studied in work on modelling the Internet. In each of these cases the network studied is part of a larger system: for example, drivers generate demand and select their routes in ways that are responsive to the delays incurred or expected, which depend on the controls implemented in the road network. It is important to address such interactions between the network and the larger system, and in particular to understand the signals, such as delay, provided to the larger system.Work on Internet congestion control generally addresses the issue of fairness, since there exist situations where a given scheme might maximise network throughput, for example, while denying access to some users. In this area it has been possible to integrate ideas of fairness of a control scheme with overall system optimization: indeed fairness of the control scheme is often the means by which the right information and incentives are provided to the larger system [24,38].Might some of these ideas transfer to help our understanding of the control of road traffic? In this paper we present a...

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Section: A Model Of a Controlled Motorwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy traffic on a controlled motorway

Kelly¹,

Williams²

2010

Probability and Mathematical Genetics

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“…Ramp metering can play an important role in improving freeway traffic conditions, by breaking up platoons of vehicles, regulating flows that enter the freeway to avoid exceeding capacity at downstream bottlenecks, diverting local traffic to less-congested arterials, and providing priority for buses and HOVs [4]. Speed harmonization and peak-period shoulder use are two operational improvement options, and becoming popular in Europe while under serious consideration in the United States [1]. Analysis of the two-year data in UK speed harmonization suggests a 28% reduction in the rate of injury accidents, a decline in the number of lane changing maneuvers, a 15% increase in flow rates on the slower lane, more uniform headways, and lowered noise and pollution levels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a Microscopic Simulation Based Performance Evaluation Model to Compare Operational Improvements with Capacity Additions

Tang

Sun

Govindankutty

2014

AMM

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The objective of this study is to develop a microscopic simulation model to objectively compare operational improvements with capacity expansions. Simulation software VISSIM was used to redesign the existing facilities for the performance evaluation of operational improvement and capacity expansion strategies from delay time, emission and fuel consumption perspective. Two case studies were performed with different test beds to evaluate the effectiveness of performance evaluation model, majorly involving dynamic speed, ramp metering and hard shoulder usage strategies which are discussed in detail to illustrate the changes due to operational improvement and capacity expansion strategies.

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An investigation of proportionally fair ramp metering

Gibbens

Kelly

2011

2011 14th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC)

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Monitoring and modelling of controlled motorways

Cited by 4 publications

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Heavy traffic on a controlled motorway

Heavy traffic on a controlled motorway

Development of a Microscopic Simulation Based Performance Evaluation Model to Compare Operational Improvements with Capacity Additions

An investigation of proportionally fair ramp metering

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