“…Widespread burning of joss paper, some of which is burnt out in the open, occurs on the first and fifteenth day of every month (according to lunar calendar) and on important Chinese festivals. The burning of joss paper, wood, and agricultural wastes has been demonstrated to significantly create particulate matter (PM) (Fang et al, 2003;Choosong et al, 2010;Ning and Sioutas, 2010;Li et al, 2010), metals (Lau and Luk, 2001;Fang et al, 2003), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (Yang et al, 2005;Lin et al, 2008;Rau et al, 2008), and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin/ dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) (Hu et al, 2009;Wu et al, 2010;Chiu et al, 2011;Lin et al, 2011). Furthermore, PAHs concentrations in ambient air during festivals were observed to be several times higher than those during other times .…”