Monitoring active volcanism with the Autonomous Sciencecraft Experiment on EO-1

Davies, A. G.; Chien, Steve; Baker, Victor R.; Doggett, T.; Dohm, J. M.; Greeley, R.; Ip, F.; Cichy, B.; Rabideau, Gregg; Tran, Daniel; Sherwood, Robert

doi:10.1016/j.rse.2005.08.007

Cited by 72 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Hyperion, for example, possesses 220 bands in the 0.4-2.5 mm (VNIR-SWIR) region, at the same spatial resolution as ASTER's SWIR observations, making it well suited for detecting the heat emissions from volcanic activity and for providing unsaturated observations of even the hottest/most radiant surfaces (Davies et al 2006, Wright et al 2010. The prospects for the future are largely focused on the NASA Hyperspectral Infrared Imager (HyspIRI) mission which is planned for launch between 2013 and 2016 and which has volcanoes and natural hazards as one of its three top-level science questions for research (JPL 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was the only instrument that would routinely acquire high spatial resolution, night-time imagery of volcanic targets in both SWIR and TIR bands (Wessels et al 2004). In this unique 'volcano mode' (Yamaguchi et al 1998(Yamaguchi et al , p. 1069, SWIR observations would be of particular utility due to the absence of sunlight contamination, thereby aiding accurate quantitative analyses (Wooster and Kaneko 2001;Davies et al 2006). Additionally, using night-time SWIR imagery would enhance the contrast between hot and ambient surfaces, thereby facilitating the isolation of even the smallest, but hottest, thermally anomalous surfaces (Harris et al 1997).…”

Section: Astermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The field increasingly became a sub-discipline in its own right, with numerous studies harnessing its utility in, for example, examining fumarolic activity (Flynn et al 1994, Wooster et al 2000 and lava dome behaviour , Carter et al 2007, quantifying magma fluxes at lava lakes (Harris et al 1997), determining lava flow effusion rates (Harris et al 1998, Lombardo et al 2004) and mapping active volcanic craters (Blackett 2007). Chronologies of volcanic behaviour (Wright et al 2005, Van Manen andDehn 2009), attempts at observation automation (Davies et al 2006) and hyperspectral investigations of lava flows Buongiorno 2006, Lombardo et al 2009) have also been conducted. However, despite these advances, Flynn (1996) highlighted that no operating satellite provides the required frequency of coverage, spectral resolution and dynamic range optimal for volcanic monitoring; this remains true today.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of SWIR-based methods for quantifying active volcano radiant emissions using NASA EOS-ASTER data

Wooster

2011

Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk

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Analysis of thermally emissive volcanic features using satellite infrared remote sensing has been conducted over recent decades, primarily using shortwave and thermal infrared (SWIR; TIR) radiance data. The Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER), mounted on the Earth Observation System (EOS) Terra satellite, offers an advance on earlier instruments, having more bands covering the SWIR atmospheric window and offering a wider dynamic range. This paper compares methods used to analyse ASTER SWIR imagery of active volcanoes, using both simulated cases and actual ASTER imagery of Lascar Volcano, and focuses on radiative power estimates. Those based on the Oppenheimer approach are found to be most reliable for simulated surfaces, with the Lombardo and Buongiorno and Dozier retrievals having larger uncertainties in most cases. However, the Dozier Method results in the highest proportion of successful retrievals, the reliability of which is influenced by factors including band combination, gain setting and saturation. The radiative power metric is shown as a more reliable measure than sub-pixel characterisations of hotspot temperature and area, as retrieved by these methods. We conclude with an assessment of ASTER in terms of its utility for providing quantitative observations of active volcanic surfaces.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Astermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of SWIR-based methods for quantifying active volcano radiant emissions using NASA EOS-ASTER data

Wooster

2011

Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk

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“…The short wavelength infrared bands of ALI have a resolution of 30 m, and allow small but very hot features to be identified, however all images were acquired during daytime so small thermal anomalies might be lost amid reflected sunlight. The VSW processes all Hyperion data searching for thermal anomalies (see Davies et al, 2006) using software originally developed to do this thermal emission detection on-board the spacecraft (the Autonomous Sciencecraft Experiment (ASE)- Chien et al, 2005;Davies et al, 2006), and has proved capable of detecting small thermal anomalies even in daylight. The Hyperion pixel brightness temperature detection limits of the ASE thermal classifier software are 426 K at 2.28 μm and 530 K at 1.65 μm (Davies et al, 2006).…”

Section: Satellite Observationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magmatic gas percolation through the old lava dome of El Misti volcano

et al. 2017

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The proximity of the major city of Arequipa to El Misti has focused attention on the hazards posed by the active volcano. Since its last major eruption in the fifteenth century, El Misti has experienced a series of modest phreatic eruptions and fluctuating fumarolic activity. Here, we present the first measurements of the compositions of gas emitted from the lava dome in the summit crater. The gas composition is found to be fairly dry with a H 2 O/SO 2 molar ratio of 32 ± 3, a CO 2 / SO 2 molar ratio of 2.7 ± 0.2, a H 2 S/SO 2 molar ratio of 0.23 ± 0.02 and a H 2 /SO 2 molar ratio of 0.012 ± 0.002. This magmatic gas signature with minimal evidence of hydrothermal or wall rock interaction points to a shallow magma source that is efficiently outgassing through a permeable conduit and lava dome. Field and satellite observations show no evolution of the lava dome over the last decade, indicating sustained outgassing through an established fracture network. This stability could be disrupted if dome permeability were to be reduced by annealing or occlusion of outgassing pathways. Continued monitoring of gas composition and flux at El Misti will be essential to determine the evolution of hazard potential at this dangerous volcano.

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“…Also on board EO-1 is the NASA Autonomous Sciencecraft Experiment (ASE) [Chien et al, 2005b;Davies et al, 2005], which is comprised of three computer applications that turn EO-1 into an autonomous, science-driven spacecraft. ASE consists of data-processing algorithms that detect thermal emission in Hyperion data, using spectral shape from 1.65 to 2.23 microns [Davies et al, 2005] and the CASPER (Contin uous Activity Scheduling, Planning, Execution, and Replanning) planner, which allocates available resources and generates commands.…”

Section: Volcano Sensor Webmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensor web enables rapid response to volcanic activity

et al. 2006

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Rapid response to the onset of volcanic activity allows for the early assessment of hazard and risk [Tilling, 1989]. Data from remote volcanoes and volcanoes in countries with poor communication infrastructure can only be obtained via remote sensing [Harris et al., 2000]. By linking notifications of activity from ground‐based and spacebased systems, these volcanoes can be monitored when they erupt. Over the last 18 months, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) has implemented a Volcano Sensor Web (VSW) in which data from ground‐based and space‐based sensors that detect current volcanic activity are used to automatically trigger the NASA Earth Observing 1 (EO‐1) spacecraft to make highspatial‐resolution observations of these volcanoes.

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Monitoring active volcanism with the Autonomous Sciencecraft Experiment on EO-1

Cited by 72 publications

References 28 publications

Evaluation of SWIR-based methods for quantifying active volcano radiant emissions using NASA EOS-ASTER data

Evaluation of SWIR-based methods for quantifying active volcano radiant emissions using NASA EOS-ASTER data

Magmatic gas percolation through the old lava dome of El Misti volcano

Sensor web enables rapid response to volcanic activity

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