Monitor reactions in Al-foils for high energy proton beams bombarding a thick target

Wan, J.-S.; Ochs, M.; Vater, P.; Song, Xiaoxun; Langrock, E.-J.; Brandt, R.; Adam, J.; Bemblevski, V.P; Kulakov, B.A.; Krivopustov, M.I.; Modolo, Giuseppe; Odoj, R.

doi:10.1016/s0168-583x(99)00293-1

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Total fluence of the protons striking the target during the main irradiation was determined by activation of an Al-foil via the 27 Al(p, 3pn) 24 Na reaction [8,9]. The number of the 27 Al(p, 3pn) 24 Na reactions was determined by Gamma-ray spectrum analysis of 24 Na decay using the properly calibrated HPGe detector.…”

Section: Proton Irradiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of natural uranium fission rate in fast spallation and fission neutron field: An experimental and Monte Carlo study

Hashemi-Nezhad

Zhuk

Kievets

et al. 2008

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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Section: Proton Irradiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of natural uranium fission rate in fast spallation and fission neutron field: An experimental and Monte Carlo study

Hashemi-Nezhad

Zhuk

Kievets

et al. 2008

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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“…Several publications were considered in the evaluation, as given in Refs. [9] and [10] and references therein. A plot of selected cross section data is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Measurement Of the Proton Fluencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aluminium activation foils were used to determine the integral proton fluence on the target. The absolute intensity of the proton beam hitting the target was determined as described elsewhere [5,8,10]. The Al monitor foil stack was placed approx.…”

Section: Measurement Of the Proton Fluencementioning

confidence: 99%

Transmutation experiments on¹²⁹I,¹³⁹La and²³⁷Np using the Nuclotron accelerator

Westmeier¹,

Brandt²,

Langrock³

et al. 2005

Radiochimica Acta

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Summary.Transmutation experiments have been carried out using the NUCLOTRON, a new accelerator for relativistic particles. The experiments were carried out in the Veksler and Baldin Laboratory of High Energies of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research in Dubna, Russian Federation. Earlier experiments using an 8 cm ∅ Pb-target of 20 cm length and surrounded by 6 cm paraffin (GAMMA-2 target) have been continued to study the transmutation of 139 La and the highly radiotoxic radwaste nuclides 129 I and 237 Np using spallation neutrons produced by relativistic protons with energies 0.5 GeV ≤ E p ≤ 4.15 GeV. Results of previous experiments were complemented with additional results, thus yielding data systematics with small uncertainties over the probably commercially relevant energy range of 0.5 GeV ≤ E p ≤ 1.0 GeV and also in the scientifically interesting range above 1 GeV. Moreover, neutron density distributions in irradiations with 0.65 GeV, 1 GeV and 3.7 GeV protons were determined on the surface of the paraffin moderator for two energy regimes of slow and intermediate/fast neutrons. A large set of high quality experimental data with small uncertainties has been generated that can serve as benchmark data for modelling purposes.

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“…Unfortunately, the influence of the 27 Al(n,α) 24 Na reaction on the 27 Al(p,x) 24 Na monitor reaction is often not negligible and can be a problem at higher proton energies, when secondary neutron production becomes significant [7][8][9]. For these reasons, we decided to also investigate the 27 Na(p,x) 7 Be process for monitoring purposes, as 7 Be has a convenient half-life of 53.22 d and a sufficiently strong γ -line at 477.6 keV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New cross sections for the²⁷Al(p,x)⁷Be nuclear process: Monitoring proton beam energy via the²²Na/⁷Be cross-section ratio between 45 and 200 MeV

2017

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Abstract. Cross sections are presented for 7 Be produced in the proton bombardment of natural Al up to 200 MeV and compared with previous literature data. Cross-section ratios for the 27 Al(p,x) 22 Na and 27 Al(p,x) 7 Be nuclear processes are also presented in the energy region 45−200 MeV, exploiting our previously reported cross sections for the 27 Al(p,x) 22 Na process. The applicability for energy monitoring of proton beams by exploiting the 22 Na/ 7 Be cross-section ratio is discussed. Monte Carlo simulations in a simplified geometry provide additional information on activation of an Al monitor foil by secondary neutrons, indicating greater sensitivity to these neutrons by 24 Na as a beam monitor than 22 Na and 7 Be.

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Monitor reactions in Al-foils for high energy proton beams bombarding a thick target

Cited by 12 publications

References 5 publications

Determination of natural uranium fission rate in fast spallation and fission neutron field: An experimental and Monte Carlo study

Determination of natural uranium fission rate in fast spallation and fission neutron field: An experimental and Monte Carlo study

Transmutation experiments on¹²⁹I,¹³⁹La and²³⁷Np using the Nuclotron accelerator

New cross sections for the²⁷Al(p,x)⁷Be nuclear process: Monitoring proton beam energy via the²²Na/⁷Be cross-section ratio between 45 and 200 MeV

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Monitor reactions in Al-foils for high energy proton beams bombarding a thick target

Cited by 12 publications

References 5 publications

Determination of natural uranium fission rate in fast spallation and fission neutron field: An experimental and Monte Carlo study

Determination of natural uranium fission rate in fast spallation and fission neutron field: An experimental and Monte Carlo study

Transmutation experiments on129I,139La and237Np using the Nuclotron accelerator

New cross sections for the27Al(p,x)7Be nuclear process: Monitoring proton beam energy via the22Na/7Be cross-section ratio between 45 and 200 MeV

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Transmutation experiments on¹²⁹I,¹³⁹La and²³⁷Np using the Nuclotron accelerator

New cross sections for the²⁷Al(p,x)⁷Be nuclear process: Monitoring proton beam energy via the²²Na/⁷Be cross-section ratio between 45 and 200 MeV