Momentum is increasing towards a flexible electricity system based on renewables

Mitchell, Catherine

doi:10.1038/nenergy.2015.30

Cited by 146 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…After sulfonation of ETFE-g-poly(S-co-AN) films absorption bands at 763 cm −1 and 702 cm −1 disappear, indicating sulfonation of the benzene ring. In addition, new peaks appear, i.e., the peaks at 1'007 cm −1 and 832 cm −1 , associated with the presence of the SO 3 -group, and the peak at 1'414 cm 1 , corresponding to the aromatic C=C para-disubstituted stretching vibration. The asterisk ( * ) indicates a shoulder probably originating from protonated amidoxime units, which disappears upon immersion of the membrane in aqueous KCl or KOH (cf.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Bifunctional Ion-Conducting Polymer Electrolyte for the Vanadium Redox Flow Battery with High Selectivity

Nibel

Schmidt

Gubler

2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The need for electrochemical energy storage increases along with the growing share of fluctuating renewables for power generation. The all-vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) has experienced increasing attention in this context. Its electrolyte membrane is a key component, yet currently perfluorinated materials (e.g., Nafion) are mainly used in VRBs, which have neither been designed for this particular application, nor are they cost-effective. The cross-over of redox active vanadium species impairs cell efficiency, in particular in case of thin Nafion membranes with low ohmic resistance. Here, we present a potentially generic concept of a bifunctional ion-conducting membrane prepared by radiation grafting with sulfonic acid proton exchange sites and amidoxime moieties. The crossover of vanadium-ions is reduced four-fold in the presence of amidoxime groups without markedly impairing the conductivity of the membrane. A VRB cell containing such membrane shows increased energy efficiency and negligible capacity fading over 122 charge / discharge cycles compared to cells with Nafion membrane, which showed a loss of discharge capacity of around 35% after 35 cycles and considerable electrolyte imbalance. The growing need for energy and urge to reduce CO 2 emissions require clean and renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar power.1-3 Since these primary energies are inherently intermittent, 4 the development of adequate energy storage scenarios is essential. 5,6Among the various energy storage concepts, batteries have been shown to be especially promising. 7,8 Batteries for grid-scale energy storage require good cycling stability, rapid response to changes, high roundtrip efficiency and reasonable lifecycle costs.Redox flow batteries (RFBs) can fulfill these requirements 9 to target applications in the MW to GW power scale with typical charge/ discharge times of 4 to 6 h. 10 Key advantages over conventional rechargeable grid-scale batteries, such as Na-S batteries, are the independent scalability of energy and power, inherent safety, deep discharge capability and low self-discharge. 7,11,12 A redox flow battery consists of two external tanks filled with liquid electrolyte and a stack of cells that contain porous electrodes separated by an ion exchange membrane (IEM). The IEM avoids cross-mixing of redoxactive species and allows the transport of background electrolyte ions. The all-vanadium redox flow battery (VRB) is the most advanced type.13 VRBs use the same redox-active element on the negative and positive electrode, preventing irreversible cross-contamination of the electrolytes.14 The membrane is a key cost driver in a VRB system and can account for the major share of the stack cost. 15 An ideal membrane for an RFB should have low crossover of redox-active species and water, low cost, high conductivity, and high chemical stability in the respective electrolyte solution. 16Depending on the nature of the exchange groups, IEMs are generally classified into cation and anion exchange membranes (CEMs, AEMs). Variou...

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3] Since these primary energies are inherently intermittent, 4 the development of adequate energy storage scenarios is essential. 5,6 Among the various energy storage concepts, batteries have been shown to be especially promising.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bifunctional Ion-Conducting Polymer Electrolyte for the Vanadium Redox Flow Battery with High Selectivity

Nibel

Schmidt

Gubler

2016

J. Electrochem. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, coal-fired power generation is under huge pressure due to its pollutant emissions and environmental problems. Based on the optimization of power unit structure, improving the efficiencies of coal-fired power units and increasing the shares of renewable energies in power generation are the important means for China's power sector to reduce pollution and greenhouse gas emissions [1,3]. Solar thermal energy is gaining much more attention as one of the renewable energies with the most potential, but its inherent deficiencies of low intensity and intermittency make a solar-alone power generation system costly to run and have negative effects on its large-scale application [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allocating Output Electricity in a Solar-Aided Coal-Fired Power Generation System and Assessing Its CO2 Emission Reductions in China

Zhao

Yang

2020

Sustainability

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Coal-fired power generation in China is facing huge challenges due to its high share in the total electricity generation and its environmental problems. A solar-aided coal-fired power generation (SACPG) system, based on the integration of solar thermal energy into a conventional coal-fired power system, is an effective way to utilize solar energy and reduce coal consumption. The reasonable allocation of output electricity to solar energy and coal in a SACPG system and the evaluation of its CO2 emission reductions can help to acquire subsidies or financial support granted to renewable electricity and CO2 emission reductions. A methodology is proposed from the view of the technical characteristics of a SACPG system and the government regulation. The coal-to-electricity efficiency of the baseline unit or the coal-fired power system in a SACPG system is the key factor in the methodology, and it can be calculated on the basis of the norm of energy consumption of coal-fired power units in China. Then, the allocation of the output electricity to solar energy and coal can be calculated, and so can the CO2 emission reductions by the solar-coal hybrid system. Taking a 600 MW SACPG system as an example, the methodology is further illustrated. The methodology can guarantee that the calculation of output electricity allocation in a SACPG system and the calculation of its CO2 emission reductions are accurate, conservative and transparent for its subsidies or financial support.

show abstract

“…All renewable electricity accounted for a 5% share of total electricity generation [8]. Current projections point to further wind power generation in the future as technological innovation, manufacturing technologies, more flexible operational systems, and changing social preferences, advantage wind power generation over other sources of power [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The resilience of Australian wind energy to climate change

Evans

Kay

Prasad

et al. 2018

Environ. Res. Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Paris Agreement limits global average temperature rise to 2 • C and commits to pursuing efforts in limiting warming to 1.5 • C above pre-industrial levels. This will require rapid reductions in the emissions of greenhouse gases and the eventual decarbonisation of the global economy. Wind energy is an established technology to help achieve emissions reductions, with a cumulative global installed capacity of ∼486 GW (2016). Focusing on Australia, we assess the future economic viability of wind energy using a 12-member ensemble of high-resolution regional climate simulations forced by Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) output. We examine both near future (around 2030) and far future (around 2070) changes. Extractable wind power changes vary across the continent, though the most spatially coherent change is a small but significant decrease across southern regions. The cost of future wind energy generation, measured via the Levelised Cost of Energy (LCOE), increases negligibly in the future in regions with significant existing installed capacity. Technological developments in wind energy generation more than compensate for projected small reductions in wind, decreasing the LCOE by around 30%. These developments ensure viability for existing wind farms, and enhance the economic viability of proposed wind farms in Western Australian and Tasmania. Wind energy is therefore a resilient source of electricity over most of Australia and technological innovation entering the market will open new regions for energy production in the future.

show abstract

Momentum is increasing towards a flexible electricity system based on renewables

Cited by 146 publications

References 14 publications

Bifunctional Ion-Conducting Polymer Electrolyte for the Vanadium Redox Flow Battery with High Selectivity

Bifunctional Ion-Conducting Polymer Electrolyte for the Vanadium Redox Flow Battery with High Selectivity

Allocating Output Electricity in a Solar-Aided Coal-Fired Power Generation System and Assessing Its CO2 Emission Reductions in China

The resilience of Australian wind energy to climate change

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About