Molybdena–vanadia supported on alumina: Effective catalysts for the esterification reaction of acetic acid with n-butanol

Catalytic upgrading of citric acid to environmental friendly tri-butyl citrate plasticizer over ultra stable phosphonated Y zeolite

“…> butanol (88% conv., 82% sel.). This implied that CA esterification occurs amongst adsorbed species (CA) and non-adsorbed reactant (butanol), which is in agreement with Eley-Rideal (E-R) model, which also be perceived from highest CA conversion of the CA pre-treated 2% (w/w) P/USY catalyst (Miao and Shanks, 2011;Mitran et al, 2013;Yang et al, 2014;Nandiwale et al, 2015). The possible catalytic mechanism of CA esterification with butanol over P/USY catalyst has been proposed as Fig.…”

Study of the esterification reaction of acetic acid with n -butanol over supported WO 3 catalysts

“…An Eley-Rideal type mechanism was also proposed for the esterification of acetic acid with n-butanol catalyzed by zirconia-supported silicotungstic acid [34] and for the esterification of acetic acid with methanol catalyzed by silicasupported Nafion [35]. Information about the mechanism involved can be obtained by pre-adsorption of alcohol, acid or both alcohol and acid on the solid catalyst before the esterification [13,32]. Thus, the effect of reactant pre-adsorption has been studied with the 10W-Si(0.4)Al catalyst for a n-butanol-to-acetic acid mole ratio of 2:1 and with 0.7 wt% catalyst.…”

“…Indeed, in the last decade, a high number of studies showed that tungsta [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9], molybdena [10][11][12], vanadia [13,14] and niobia [15] supported on appropriate supports were effective catalysts for the esterification reaction, one of the fundamental acid-catalyzed reactions.…”

“…MoO 3 /Al 2 O 3 and V 2 O 5 /Al 2 O 3 were shown to be able to catalyze the esterification reaction of acetic acid with n-butanol showing conversions of 81 and 63%, respectively, and 100% selectivity for n-butyl acetate at 100 • C and 2 h reaction time [11,14]. Improved catalytic performances of the V 2 O 5 /Al 2 O 3 catalyst can be obtained by adding MoO 3 [13].…”

Characterization and catalytic performance of basaltic dust as an efficient catalyst in the liquid‐phase esterification of acetic acid with n‐butanol

“…Finally, comparison of this work with those previously reported in the literature revealed that the obtained yield of n ‐butyl acetate in this work is higher than that obtained in Refs and comparable to that reported in Refs .…”