Molting and Calcification in Daphnia magna

Porcella, Donald B.; Rixford, Charles E.; Slater, John V.

doi:10.1086/physzool.42.2.30158469

Cited by 44 publications

(33 citation statements)

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“…The demineralisation prior to ecdysis in freshwater decapods proposed by Wheatly & Ayers (1995) may lead to a loss of Ca and other carapace‐bound elements (Hessen & Rukke, 2000). The minor amount of Ca retained by the daphniids was also found in previous studies (Porcella, Rixford & Slater, 1969; Alstad et al. , 1999; Tan & Wang, 2009a), and Alstad et al.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Calcium balance in Daphnia grown on diets differing in food quantity, phosphorus and calcium

Wang

2009

Freshwater Biology

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1. The influences of dietary phosphorus (P) and food concentration on the calcium (Ca) balance in Daphnia magna were examined in this study at two different ambient Ca concentrations (0.5 and 10 mg Ca L )1 ). Daphnia were grown by feeding the young adults differentially under contrasting dietary P conditions [molar C : P ratio = c. 900 and c. 90 as low P (LP) and high P (HP), respectively], ambient Ca concentrations [0.5 mg and 10 mg Ca L )1 as low Ca (LCa) or high Ca (HCa), respectively] and food levels [0.15 or 1.5 mg C L )1 as low food (LF) or high food (HF), respectively] for 5 days. 2. The specific Ca contents of daphniids (1.9-6.5% of dry weight )1 ) increased with increasing Ca concentration, food level and dietary P content, although the food level did not affect the Ca content in the HPHCa treatment. A radioactive tracer method showed that the food level did not affect the influx of Ca from the water under LP conditions, but the Ca influx under HP conditions doubled with a HF level. A LP condition also led to a decrease in Ca influx with a HF level. 3. During the 3 days of efflux, generally only a small proportion of Ca (2.6-3.3%) was retained by the daphniids, but this retention increased (14-23%) under low ambient Ca concentrations and under P-limitation. Excretion was the most important pathway for Ca loss (accounting for 50-60% of body Ca), followed by moulting (20-47%), but the relative contribution of these two pathways (excretion and moulting) did not vary among all the different treatments. The absolute loss of Ca through excretion and moulting, on the contrary, differed with different ambient Ca concentrations and dietary P conditions. A HF level led to an increase in the loss rates in most cases. 4. Our study strongly suggested that there is an interaction between an essential metal (Ca) and macronutrients (C and P) in freshwater crustaceans with HCa and P contents. The results imply that variation in environmental nutrient conditions may change the Ca budget in crustaceans and may affect the dynamics of Ca in the epilimnion of freshwaters.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Calcium balance in Daphnia grown on diets differing in food quantity, phosphorus and calcium

Wang

2009

Freshwater Biology

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“…Should this process also occur for cladoceran remains, it could subsequently result in an under-estimation of cladoceran sizes in ST. Second, the proportion and size of remains retained in traps depend on the age structure characteristics of the source population (Kerfoot, 1981). The intermoult duration differs according to the life cycle stages, with a regular increase of time sequence between moulting from juvenile to reproducing adults (Anderson & Jenkins, 1942;Porcella et al, 1969). For instance, in Daphnia magna, for a temperature of 25°C juveniles-first 4 instars-have daily moults during the first 4 days, then levelling off to a fixed 2-day intermoult period for adolescent and adult-from the fifth instar (Porcella et al, 1969).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The intermoult duration differs according to the life cycle stages, with a regular increase of time sequence between moulting from juvenile to reproducing adults (Anderson & Jenkins, 1942;Porcella et al, 1969). For instance, in Daphnia magna, for a temperature of 25°C juveniles-first 4 instars-have daily moults during the first 4 days, then levelling off to a fixed 2-day intermoult period for adolescent and adult-from the fifth instar (Porcella et al, 1969). Since younger individuals moult more often than older ones, and produce therefore more exuvia, their remains are overrepresented compared to larger ones in trap samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of production, sedimentation and taphonomic processes on the composition and size structure of sedimenting cladoceran remains in a large deep subalpine lake: paleo-ecological implications

Alric¹,

Perga²

2011

Hydrobiologia

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Changes in the composition and size structure of cladoceran remains collected in sediment traps (ST) were compared at a monthly time-resolution to the changes in the cladoceran source communities in order to assess the effects of production, sedimentation and taphonomic processes on the composition, completeness of time series and size structure of cladoceran remains in a large deep monomictic subalpine lake. Cladoceran remains collected in the ST globally reflected seasonal changes in the composition of the source community for the dominant taxa (Daphnia sp., Eubosmina spp. and. D. brachyurum) but failed in capturing accurately the seasonal changes in the abundance of the least abundant species, B. longirostris. Using allometric relationships, the average body size of the organisms that produced the remains retrieved in the ST could be reconstructed. Although the cladoceran average body size estimated from trap remains was always smaller than that of the source communities, temporal changes in the average body size of the dominant taxa in the source community were captured by trap samples. Our results showed that, in this deep subalpine lake, cladoceran remains production, sedimentation and taphonomic processes within the water column did not alter the compositional fidelity of remains at seasonal and annual time scales for the dominant taxa. Results did not show any significant over-representation of Bosmina and subsequent under-representation of Daphnia in contrast to previous studies on small and flat lakes. Our results suggest that the frequently observed under-estimation of Daphnia in fossil assemblages could be a consequence of the mesh size used when processing sediment core samples rather than of varying magnitude of degradation processes between small or flat lakes and deep lakes. Finally, our results support the use of the size of cladoceran remains within paleoecological studies to assess past changes in the size structure of the source communities.

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“…Copepods in general seem to be characterized by a very low specific Ca concentration (about 0.06 % Ca of DW, Yan et al, 1989). As with P, juvenile Daphnia have higher specific Ca content than adults (Porcella et al 1969b). Recent studies on D. magna, suggest that low Ca ( B5 mg L − 1 ) indeed may pose constraints on somatic growth and egg production in this species (Hessen, Alstad & Skardal, 1999).…”

Section: The Specific P and Ca Content Of Zooplanktonmentioning

confidence: 99%

The costs of moulting in Daphnia; mineral regulation of carbon budgets

Hessen

Rukke

2000

Freshwater Biology

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1. Zooplankton differ in their elemental contents. For the essential elements calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P), Daphnia spp. have particularly high contents, and thus high demands, compared with other cladocera and copepods.  2. There are recent indications that the growth of zooplankton, notably Daphnia, may be directly constrained by the availability of P and Ca.  3. Major pools of P and Ca are associated with the carapace, and the moulting process represents a constant drain of these elements, as well as carbon (C), from the animals.  4. The demands for P and Ca for moulting may pose constraints on the carbon accumulation in the animals, and thus the extensive needs for these elements may translate into a total loss of C transported in the pelagic food web.  5. While the costs of moulting are substantial for the zooplankton, the export of minerals bound in the moult will play only a minor role for the epilimnetic element budgets in most lakes.

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Molting and Calcification in Daphnia magna

Cited by 44 publications

References 0 publications

Calcium balance in Daphnia grown on diets differing in food quantity, phosphorus and calcium

Calcium balance in Daphnia grown on diets differing in food quantity, phosphorus and calcium

Effects of production, sedimentation and taphonomic processes on the composition and size structure of sedimenting cladoceran remains in a large deep subalpine lake: paleo-ecological implications

The costs of moulting in Daphnia; mineral regulation of carbon budgets

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