Molten salts promoting the “controlled carbonization” of waste polyesters into hierarchically porous carbon for high-performance solar steam evaporation

Zhang, Boyi; Song, Changyuan; Liu, Chang; Min, Jiakang; Azadmanjiri, Jalal; Ni, Yunxia; Niu, Ran; Gong, Jiang; Zhao, Qiang; Tang, Tao

doi:10.1039/c9ta07663h

Cited by 118 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…6f, and Video S1). More importantly, it surpasses most of previously reported photothermal materials [5,6,[40][41][42][43] (Fig. 6 and Table S2), and the whole cost of Ni/CNM-I is calculated to be ca.…”

Section: Synergy Effect Of Ni and Cs-cnts On The Solar Vapor Generationmentioning

confidence: 61%

High-performance solar vapor generation of Ni/carbon nanomaterials by controlled carbonization of waste polypropylene

et al. 2020

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Solar vapor generation is emerging as a promising technology using solar energy for various applications including desalination and freshwater production. However, from the viewpoints of industrial and academic research, it remains challenging to prepare low-cost and high-efficiency photothermal materials. In this work, we report the controlled carbonization of polypropylene (PP) using NiO and poly(ionic liquid) (PIL) as combined catalysts to prepare a Ni/carbon nanomaterial (Ni/CNM). The morphology and textural property of Ni/CNM are modulated by adding a trace amount of PIL. Ni/CNM consists of cup-stacked carbon nanotubes (CS-CNTs) and pear-shaped metallic Ni nanoparticles. Due to the synergistic effect of Ni and CS-CNTs in solar absorption, Ni/CNM possesses an excellent property of photothermal conversion. Meanwhile, Ni/CNM with a high specific surface area and rich micro-/meso-/macropores constructs a threedimensional (3D) porous network for efficient water supply and vapor channels. Thanks to high solar absorption, fast water transport, and low thermal conductivity, Ni/CNM exhibits a high water evaporation rate of 1.67 kg m −2 h −1 , a solar-to-vapor conversion efficiency of 94.9%, and an excellent stability for 10 cycles. It also works well when converting dyecontaining water, seawater, and oil/water emulsion into healthy drinkable water. The metallic ion removal efficiency of seawater is 99.99%, and the dye removal efficiency is >99.9%. More importantly, it prevails over the-state-of-art carbonbased photothermal materials in solar energy-driven vapor generation. This work not only proposes a new sustainable approach to convert waste polymers into advanced metal/ carbon hybrids, but also contributes to the fields of solar energy utilization and seawater desalination.

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Section: Synergy Effect Of Ni and Cs-cnts On The Solar Vapor Generationmentioning

confidence: 61%

High-performance solar vapor generation of Ni/carbon nanomaterials by controlled carbonization of waste polypropylene

et al. 2020

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“…where m' is the evaporation rate under light minus the evaporation rate in the dark (kg m À2 h À1 ), H e is the total enthalpy required to convert liquid water to steam (kJ kg À1 ), Q is the sensible heat of water of unit mass (kJ kg À1 ), E in is the irradiation intensity of light (kW m À2 ), c is the specific heat of water (c ¼ 4.2 J g À1 K À1 ), T i is the temperature measured after evaporation (K), and T s is the initial temperature of the water before irradiation (K). [39][40][41][42]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spray‐Coated Commercial PTFE Membrane from MoS₂/LaF₃/PDMS Ink as Solar Absorber for Efficient Solar Steam Generation

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Due to its promising potential applications in seawater desalination and purification, solar steam conversion has attracted tremendous attention recently. The light‐to‐heat conversion capacity of solar absorbers directly affects the rate at which freshwater is produced by the evaporation system. Herein, an efficient double‐layer evaporator is developed using MoS2/LaF3/PDMS ink as an absorber that is printed onto a commercial PTFE membrane by the controlled ink‐spray method. The LaF3 nanoparticles‐decorated MoS2 nanoflowers nanocomposite exhibits enhanced adsorption of sunlight due to semiconductor/solid electrolyte interface synergetic effect‐induced broadband absorption ability. Combining the advantages of local heating and rapid vapor emission, the water evaporation rate of the evaporator with spray ink in sunlight is 1.76 kg m−2 h−1 and the corresponding high light‐to‐heat conversion efficiency is 91%. Also, the membrane module has good operability, certain mechanical strength, and good long‐term stability. The synergistic effect of a rare‐earth solid electrolyte and semiconductor provides new ideas for the design and development of materials with high light‐to‐heat conversion efficiency and good thermal stability.

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“…16,92,99 Salt-template techniques using soluble/decomposable/reactive salts have emerged as a simple and sustainable branch of hard-templating strategies for the generation of hierarchical porosity. 16,[100][101][102] Through this technique, certain disadvantages of other templating approaches such as the use of hazardous etchants or low-temperature restriction can be compensated, while diverse salts can interact differently with most precursor molecules during annealing when compared with SiO 2 /metal oxide templates. 103 Recently, Chu's group proposed a facile and ecofriendly route from a gelatin-NaNO 3 biopolymer precursor to design hierarchical porous carbons with a large adsorbing surface of 2872.2 m 2 g À1 and mesopores/macropores centered at 2-4 and 50-150 nm, respectively (Fig.…”

Section: Pore Structure Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in carbon-based supercapacitors

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Molten salts promoting the “controlled carbonization” of waste polyesters into hierarchically porous carbon for high-performance solar steam evaporation

Abstract: Hierarchically porous carbon is synthesized from PET using ZnCl2/NaCl, exhibiting a high evaporation rate (1.68 kg m−2 h−1) and energy conversion efficiency (97%).

Cited by 118 publications

References 62 publications

High-performance solar vapor generation of Ni/carbon nanomaterials by controlled carbonization of waste polypropylene

High-performance solar vapor generation of Ni/carbon nanomaterials by controlled carbonization of waste polypropylene

Spray‐Coated Commercial PTFE Membrane from MoS₂/LaF₃/PDMS Ink as Solar Absorber for Efficient Solar Steam Generation

Recent advances in carbon-based supercapacitors

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Molten salts promoting the “controlled carbonization” of waste polyesters into hierarchically porous carbon for high-performance solar steam evaporation

Abstract: Hierarchically porous carbon is synthesized from PET using ZnCl2/NaCl, exhibiting a high evaporation rate (1.68 kg m−2 h−1) and energy conversion efficiency (97%).

Cited by 118 publications

References 62 publications

High-performance solar vapor generation of Ni/carbon nanomaterials by controlled carbonization of waste polypropylene

High-performance solar vapor generation of Ni/carbon nanomaterials by controlled carbonization of waste polypropylene

Spray‐Coated Commercial PTFE Membrane from MoS2/LaF3/PDMS Ink as Solar Absorber for Efficient Solar Steam Generation

Recent advances in carbon-based supercapacitors

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Product

Resources

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Spray‐Coated Commercial PTFE Membrane from MoS₂/LaF₃/PDMS Ink as Solar Absorber for Efficient Solar Steam Generation